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This report by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) provides a legal analysis of the Global Environment Facility's (GEF) Resource Allocation Framework (RAF). The RAF uses a GEF Benefits Index (GBI) and a GEF Performance Index (GPI) to determine funding allocations for recipient countries. The study evaluates whether this framework is consistent with the GEF Instrument and the guidance provided by the Conferences of the Parties (COPs) of the conventions the GEF serves, specifically the UNFCCC and the CBD.

This report by the Center for International Environmental Law, prepared for the United Nations Environment Programme, evaluates the effectiveness of trade and positive measures within the Montreal Protocol. It analyzes how these mechanisms—ranging from import/export bans on ozone-depleting substances (ODS) to financial assistance for developing nations—have driven near-universal ratification and compliance to reduce global emissions of controlled substances.