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This report reviews the status of marine and coastal ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) in South Africa, detailing the country's policy frameworks, institutional arrangements, and practical implementation of nature-based solutions to enhance climate resilience.

The Mpumalanga Spatial Development Framework (PSDF) is a strategic report designed to guide the province's spatial transformation, aiming to reverse apartheid-era spatial imbalances and promote sustainable, inclusive economic growth. It proposes a polycentric growth management model based on a hierarchy of growth centres and corridors to integrate urban and rural areas.

This report analyzes the global coffee market, focusing on the growth and impact of voluntary sustainability standards (VSSs). It examines production and consumption trends, the role of Low Human Development Countries (LHDCs), and the risks posed by price volatility and climate change to the sector's sustainability goals.

The report 'Young Leaders' by WWF South Africa documents the first decade of its Environmental Leaders internship programme (2008–2018), which aims to bridge the gap between university graduation and professional employment in the green economy. The programme focuses on developing scarce green skills through work-based learning, dedicated mentoring, and professional networking to combat high graduate unemployment in South Africa.

This research paper uses a simulation-based multi-criteria land use optimization procedure to identify global land-use scenarios that balance terrestrial carbon storage, biodiversity conservation, and food supply for 9 billion people within the Planetary Boundaries framework.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) compares forest and land-use legislation across seven major agro-exporting countries: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, and the United States. The study specifically analyzes riparian Permanent Preservation Areas (APP) and biodiversity conservation policies to determine how the Brazilian Forest Code compares to international legal requirements. The findings indicate that Brazil maintains some of the most rigorous rules for private land protection, particularly regarding mandatory native vegetation reserves and riparian buffers, although the report emphasizes that effective implementation, monitoring, and enforcement are necessary for Brazil to achieve its environmental goals.

This report by Friends of the Earth International explores the synergies between Community Forest Management (CFM) and agroecology, arguing that these community-led approaches are more effective for forest conservation and food sovereignty than industrial agribusiness or top-down conservation models like REDD+.

This research paper by the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) examines the governance of marine and coastal resources in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region. It advocates for the adoption of integrated spatial planning, ecosystem-based management, and inclusive, community-led conservation models to support a sustainable 'Blue Economy'. The author emphasizes that marine conservation must be integrated with socio-economic development agendas to ensure the resilience of biodiversity and the livelihoods of coastal populations.

This policy brief examines the conflict between coal mining and biodiversity conservation in the Yayu Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve in south-west Ethiopia. It discusses the socio-ecological impacts of extractive industries on wild Coffea arabica and local communities, arguing for a harmonised approach to sustainable resource management.

This case study examines the displacement and exploitation of adivasi communities in the Panna district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It details how the expansion of diamond and stone mining, alongside the establishment of wildlife reserves like the Panna Tiger Reserve, has stripped indigenous populations of their traditional livelihoods, land, and access to basic resources. The document highlights severe human rights violations, including child labour, gender-based wage gaps, and the prevalence of silicosis among workers, while outlining the advocacy efforts of civil society organisations to secure land titles and compensation.

This report by Natural Justice provides a comprehensive review of Mozambique's legal and policy frameworks regarding the rights of local communities and indigenous peoples to land and natural resources. It examines the tension between progressive laws, such as the 1997 Land Law, and a trend toward 're-concentration' of power by the State to facilitate large-scale extractive and agricultural investments. The document highlights systemic failures in community consultation, the marginalization of community-based natural resource management (CBNRM), and the impact of resettlement projects in the mining sector.

This policy brief describes a social marketing 'Pride' campaign implemented by Pronatura Veracruz and Rare in the Actopan municipality of Veracruz, Mexico. The initiative aimed to increase landowner participation in Mexico's national Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) program to protect tropical deciduous forests used as stopover habitats for migratory raptors, such as the peregrine falcon, against threats from urban development, cattle ranching, and sugar cane production.

This policy brief describes a social marketing 'Pride' campaign implemented by Rare and Cáritas-Peru in the Quanda Watershed of northern Peru. The initiative aimed to establish locally-governed water institutions known as Reciprocal Water Agreements to protect upstream forests and biodiversity through a system of reciprocity between upstream farmers and downstream water users.

This report analyzes the legal and institutional frameworks governing Indigenous Territories and Community-Conserved Areas (ICCAs) in Malaysia, with a primary focus on Sabah. It examines the tension between traditional customary land rights (adat) and state-led economic development, particularly the expansion of oil palm plantations and logging. The document details the potential for integrating community-led conservation into formal protected area networks and reviews landmark court cases in Peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak that have shaped the recognition of native title.

This report analyzes the legal, institutional, and legislative frameworks governing Indigenous peoples' conserved territories and areas conserved by Indigenous peoples and local communities (ICCAs) in Australia. It details the pathways to Indigenous land ownership, the mechanisms for joint management of national parks, and the emergence of Indigenous Protected Areas (IPAs). The document examines the intersection of national laws—such as the Native Title Act 1993—with international human rights standards and provides case studies on specific conservation models.

This document contains the heads of argument submitted by the Fourth Respondent (the Minister of Local Government, Environmental Affairs and Development Planning, Western Cape Province) to the Supreme Court of Appeal of South Africa. The legal dispute centers on whether mining permits or rights granted under the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act (MPRDA) exempt a holder from obtaining land-use authorisations under the Land Use Planning Ordinance (LUPO) and environmental authorisations under the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA). The Fourth Respondent argues that these regulatory regimes are concurrent and that a mining right does not override municipal zoning or national environmental requirements.

This guide, published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in 2011, provides a framework for conservation professionals and NGOs to integrate conflict sensitivity into their work. It outlines how conservation activities can inadvertently trigger or exacerbate conflicts, how they are affected by violent conflict, and how they can be leveraged to support peacebuilding. The manual offers a three-step process for organizational adoption and a practical methodology for analyzing and responding to conflicts in the field.

This field report details a December 2006 workshop designed to pilot the 'Conflict Sensitivity in Conservation (CSC) Manual' using conflict scenarios from Queen Elizabeth National Park (QENP) in Uganda. The report documents the application of conflict analysis tools—including conflict trees, conflict mapping, and stakeholder analysis—to identify and prioritise natural resource-based conflicts, their root causes, and potential entry points for intervention by conservation and development organisations.

This report documents a three-day workshop held from December 5 to 7, 2006, in Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo. The workshop aimed to strengthen the capacity of the Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature (ICCN) to manage and resolve conflicts related to natural resources within Virunga National Park. Facilitated by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), and WWF, the event focused on conflict analysis tools, the identification of primary drivers of conflict in the park, and the development of strategic intervention plans.

The Conflict-Sensitive Conservation Practitioners’ Manual, published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in 2009, provides a framework for conservation NGOs and protected area authorities to integrate conflict sensitivity into their operations. The guide aims to help practitioners minimize the risk of inadvertently exacerbating conflicts and maximize opportunities for peacebuilding, particularly in conflict zones where natural resources can be both a source of tension and a foundation for stability.