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The document estimates that agricultural soil carbon management in the United States could remove 100–200 MtCO2 per year by 2050 at a cost of approximately $40 per ton of CO2. It advocates for a hybrid federal policy approach combining financial subsidies, technical assistance, and expanded research and monitoring to overcome farmer risk-aversion and scientific uncertainty.

WWF South Africa collaborated with government, business, and civil society to improve freshwater quality and quantity through strategic water source area partnerships. Key initiatives included hiring full-time coordinators for the uMhlathuze and uMkhomazi partnerships, implementing real-time monitoring tools, and protecting 43 natural springs in the uMzimvubu Catchment Partnership. These efforts were supported by funding from Mondi, Sappi, Nedbank, and Sanlam.

The document presents a comparative analysis of multiple carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies and nature-based solutions, detailing their Technology Readiness Levels (TRL), estimated costs per tonne of CO2, and annual mitigation potentials. It highlights that while some methods like afforestation and BECCS have substantial contributions in Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs), others such as biochar and soil carbon sequestration are still in development or not yet incorporated into these global pathways. The analysis also weighs the co-benefits, such as improved biodiversity and soil health, against risks including land competition with food production and potential carbon reversal.