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The report uses the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) system to model Jamaica's GHG emissions and assess various mitigation actions across energy, waste, and agriculture sectors. It finds that while baseline emissions are projected to increase by 58% by 2055, significant low-cost abatement is possible, potentially allowing Jamaica to exceed its NDC targets without additional direct social costs. The analysis also highlights gender-differentiated impacts and identifies financial and technical capacity needs, particularly in domestic mitigation modeling and renewable energy implementation.

The document examines the gendered impacts of fossil fuel subsidy reform in Nigeria, highlighting how increased energy prices can reduce women's economic opportunities and worsen respiratory health due to a shift toward biomass fuels. It advocates for a "precautionary principle" in policy design, suggesting targeted compensation such as in-kind transfers, micro-loans for women, and the promotion of domestic clean cooking technologies like LPG and improved stoves. The authors emphasize that the government can improve public acceptance of reform by credibly demonstrating that vulnerable women are protected and that subsidy savings are reinvested into effective energy access policies.

The report examines how trade liberalization in Southern Africa has produced mixed results for women, often exacerbating inequalities due to a focus on market-based criteria that ignore societal imbalances. It highlights that women dominate the informal economy in sub-Saharan Africa, where they face significant national, institutional, and legal hurdles. The document argues that regional trading arrangements (RTAs) are better suited to women's needs than large export markets and recommends that RTAs formally address informal cross-border trade through supportive institutional measures and a standardized yardstick for gender sensitivity.