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Economic and Environmental Impacts of First Generation Genetically Modified Crops
This research paper analyzes the economic and environmental impacts of first-generation genetically modified (GM) crops, specifically Roundup Ready (RR) soybeans, Bt cotton, and Bt corn, with a focus on the United States and Argentina. The author examines adoption rates, pesticide use, and yield data, concluding that while some environmental benefits exist—such as reduced soil erosion from no-till systems—the technology has led to increased herbicide volumes, 'yield drag' in RR soybeans, and emerging ecological risks including weed resistance and soil microbial shifts.
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Document type: Research paper