Brewing resilience

The report details the EECCLiRe project's efforts to build climate resilience among Indonesian coffee smallholders through ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA). Key interventions included the use of climate field schools (CFS) to integrate scientific climate data with traditional knowledge, the promotion of agroforestry to protect heat-sensitive Arabica coffee, and the installation of plastic biodigesters to provide clean energy and organic fertilizer. The document also examines the role of ecolabels and geographical indication (GI) labels in supporting EbA by providing financial incentives, while noting challenges such as power imbalances with intermediaries and the need for context-specific, gender-responsive programming.

• The EECCLiRe project utilized climate field schools (CFS) to deliver EbA knowledge, reaching 234 participants across four locations in Bali and Flores, including 133 farmers.
• Agroforestry is a central EbA strategy for Arabica coffee to mitigate heat stress and soil degradation; however, implementation is hindered by costs, land tenure issues, and cultural resistance to pruning ancestral trees in Flores.
• The installation of 27 plastic biodigesters in Bali and Flores reduced firewood consumption by 56% in Bajawa and provided bio-slurry that improved soil health and crop yields for coffee and horticultural plants.
• Biodigester efficiency is limited by altitude and temperature, as anaerobic digestion declines significantly below 20C, affecting coffee farms located between 800 and 1600 meters above sea level.
• Ecolabels and sustainability standards (such as Rainforest Alliance and Fairtrade) align with EbA principles by incentivizing biodiversity and forest protection, but farmers in Flores reported financial losses due to a lack of direct communication with certification bodies and reliance on intermediaries.
• The Flores Bajawa Arabica geographical indication (GI) label is more effective than some international labels because it is administered by a local NGO (LAPMAS) that provides context-specific training and allows coffee to command twice the price of non-labelled coffee.
• Gender and social inclusion are critical for EbA success; women were found to be more open to new knowledge and spent more time in training, yet they often lack decision-making power on family farms.

APA

Salamanca, A. M., Davis, M., & Takama, T. (2025). Brewing resilience. Stockholm Environment Institute. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/indonesia-ecosystem-based-adaptation-coffee-sei2025-029.pdf

Chicago

Salamanca, Albert M., Marion Davis, and Takeshi Takama. Brewing resilience. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2025. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/indonesia-ecosystem-based-adaptation-coffee-sei2025-029.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Salamanca |first1=Albert M. |last2=Davis |first2=Marion |last3=Takama |first3=Takeshi |title=Brewing resilience |publisher=Stockholm Environment Institute |date=July 2025 |url=https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/indonesia-ecosystem-based-adaptation-coffee-sei2025-029.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{salamanca2025brewing, author = {Salamanca, Albert M. and Davis, Marion and Takama, Takeshi}, title = {{Brewing resilience}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2025}, month = jul, url = {https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/indonesia-ecosystem-based-adaptation-coffee-sei2025-029.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }