MADAGASCAR Integrated Energy Access Planning – COLD CHAINS REPORT

The report evaluates Madagascar's cold chain infrastructure, focusing on medical vaccines and four agricultural value chains: potatoes, tomatoes, fisheries, and dairy. It identifies significant gaps in electricity access and road infrastructure that lead to high post-harvest losses and inequitable vaccine coverage. The analysis proposes electrification scenarios for healthcare facilities and investment roadmaps for agricultural cooling, emphasizing the high return on investment for fisheries and dairy.

• Vaccine coverage in Madagascar is inequitable and has declined due to COVID-19, with DPT-3 coverage estimated at 70% for the first dose and BCG at 51%.
• Approximately 20% of basic health centres (CSBs) lack functioning cold chain equipment (CCE), creating a gap in immunization services across all 23 regions.
• While most existing medical CCE is relatively new and functional, 34% of the Ministry of Health's inventory is non-functional, indicating a lack of a clear decommissioning process.
• Achieving universal electrification of healthcare facilities and medical cold chain integrity by 2030 is estimated to require a total investment of USD 28.5 million.
• Coordination between CCE procurement and facility electrification could save approximately USD 2.9 million by replacing expensive solar direct-drive (SDD) units with standard electric CCE.
• Post-harvest losses at the farm level for potatoes and tomatoes are estimated at 60%, primarily due to difficulties transporting products to markets from isolated areas.
• The fisheries sector faces extreme post-harvest losses, estimated at 80%, with crab mortality reaching 40-50% during the rainy season.
• Investment in the fisheries cold chain offers the fastest return on investment (ROI), estimated at 2 years, followed by dairy at 3 years.
• A fully developed cold chain for the four analyzed agricultural value chains (Scenario 1) would require a capital expenditure (CAPEX) of approximately USD 2.7 billion, dominated by fisheries costs.
• A more manageable 20% development target for the agricultural cold chain (Scenario 2) would require a CAPEX of USD 545.8 million.
• Poor road infrastructure and seasonal precipitation are critical barriers, sometimes requiring medical teams to walk for a week to deliver vaccines via cold-boxes and canoes.

APA

Sustainable Energy for All (2024). MADAGASCAR Integrated Energy Access Planning – COLD CHAINS REPORT. https://www.seforall.org/system/files/2024-07/report-madagascar-iep_coldchains-en.pdf

Chicago

Sustainable Energy for All. MADAGASCAR Integrated Energy Access Planning – COLD CHAINS REPORT. 2024. https://www.seforall.org/system/files/2024-07/report-madagascar-iep_coldchains-en.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Sustainable Energy for All |title=MADAGASCAR Integrated Energy Access Planning – COLD CHAINS REPORT |date=June 2024 |url=https://www.seforall.org/system/files/2024-07/report-madagascar-iep_coldchains-en.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{sustainableenergyforall2024madagascar, author = {{Sustainable Energy for All}}, title = {{MADAGASCAR Integrated Energy Access Planning – COLD CHAINS REPORT}}, institution = {Sustainable Energy for All}, year = {2024}, month = jun, url = {https://www.seforall.org/system/files/2024-07/report-madagascar-iep_coldchains-en.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }