Sự tham gia của Thành phần Tư nhân Thực hiện Kế hoạch Quốc gia Thích ứng với Biến đổi Khí hậu tại Việt Nam

The document investigates the integration of the private sector into Vietnam's National Adaptation Plan (NAP). It highlights that while the private sector is a critical source of funding and innovation, current policies often view businesses as entities to be managed rather than partners. The report identifies significant gaps in climate risk awareness and financial resilience among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and proposes specific strategies, including public-private partnerships (PPPs), green bonds, and tailored insurance products, to incentivize private investment in climate adaptation across various economic sectors.

• Vietnam is highly vulnerable to climate change, ranking 6th in the 2017 Global Climate Risk Index (CRI) and the highest among ASEAN nations. Between 1998 and 2017, approximately 220 natural disasters occurred, causing an average of 296 deaths and 2 billion USD in economic losses annually.
• Climate change is projected to cause annual GDP losses of 2% to 6% in Vietnam, potentially exceeding 6.5% by 2050. Adaptation costs are estimated at 3% to 5% of GDP by 2030, with 70% of the 30 billion USD needed for the 2016-2030 period expected to be mobilized from the private sector.
• Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are particularly vulnerable and underprepared; a 2011 Asia Foundation study found that over 50% of surveyed businesses lacked emergency adaptation plans, and 40% had no written disaster prevention or long-term climate adaptation plans.
• National policies prior to 2015 largely ignored the role of the private sector in climate adaptation, treating the responsibility as primarily belonging to state management agencies. Even current laws often view businesses as subjects for monitoring or sources of fees rather than investment partners.
• There is a significant gap in the accessibility and effectiveness of government support for businesses affected by disasters. 100% of businesses interviewed in the report had never received tax exemptions or reductions despite suffering disaster losses, citing cumbersome procedures.
• The Natural Disaster Prevention and Control Fund (NDPF) suffers from a lack of transparency and trust among the private sector. Businesses in Quang Nam and Khanh Hoa expressed frustration over not receiving support from the fund despite severe losses.
• Climate and disaster insurance for SMEs is underdeveloped. Only 50% of surveyed SMEs had disaster insurance, and renewal rates are low due to lack of information (30%), limited financial capacity (24%), and a lack of mandatory regulations (17%).
• The draft NAP proposes 150 projects for 2021-2030, with significant opportunities for private investment in water resources (17 projects), agriculture (17 projects), and irrigation (15 projects) through Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) and BOT models.
• To attract private investment, the report recommends establishing a National Climate Fund to centralize resources, issuing green bonds, and integrating climate risk assessments into Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) within the amended Law on Environmental Protection.

APA

Nguyễn, H., Thi, T. T. M., Quang, V. Đ. Đ., & Nga, T. T. T. (2020). Sự tham gia của Thành phần Tư nhân Thực hiện Kế hoạch Quốc gia Thích ứng với Biến đổi Khí hậu tại Việt Nam. NAP Global Network. https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/napgn-vie-2020-private-sector-engagement-in-nap-development-and-implementation-in-Vietnam.pdf

Chicago

Nguyễn, Huy, Tống Thị Mỹ Thi, Vũ Đức Đam Quang, and Trần Thị Thanh Nga. Sự tham gia của Thành phần Tư nhân Thực hiện Kế hoạch Quốc gia Thích ứng với Biến đổi Khí hậu tại Việt Nam. NAP Global Network, 2020. https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/napgn-vie-2020-private-sector-engagement-in-nap-development-and-implementation-in-Vietnam.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Nguyễn |first1=Huy |last2=Thi |first2=Tống Thị Mỹ |last3=Quang |first3=Vũ Đức Đam |last4=Nga |first4=Trần Thị Thanh |title=Sự tham gia của Thành phần Tư nhân Thực hiện Kế hoạch Quốc gia Thích ứng với Biến đổi Khí hậu tại Việt Nam |publisher=NAP Global Network |date=June 2020 |url=https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/napgn-vie-2020-private-sector-engagement-in-nap-development-and-implementation-in-Vietnam.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{nguyn2020tham, author = {Nguyễn, Huy and Thi, Tống Thị Mỹ and Quang, Vũ Đức Đam and Nga, Trần Thị Thanh}, title = {{Sự tham gia của Thành phần Tư nhân Thực hiện Kế hoạch Quốc gia Thích ứng với Biến đổi Khí hậu tại Việt Nam}}, institution = {NAP Global Network}, year = {2020}, month = jun, url = {https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/napgn-vie-2020-private-sector-engagement-in-nap-development-and-implementation-in-Vietnam.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }