CONTRÔLER LA VALEUR DES EXPORTATIONS DE MINÉRAUX : OPTIONS STRATÉGIQUES POUR LES ÉTATS

The document outlines three strategic options for states to control the value of mineral exports: direct measurement via a state laboratory, auditing company procedures, or a risk-based mixed approach. It details the technical process of export valuation—comprising sampling, preparation, and laboratory analysis—and discusses implementation models such as public-private partnerships and regional laboratories. The guide emphasizes that the choice of strategy should be based on the risk of under-valuation, which is higher for non-commoditized minerals, sales to related parties, and private companies. It also highlights the importance of ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation for legal defensibility and provides case studies from Sierra Leone and Guinea to illustrate the application of these strategies.

• The process of evaluating mineral exports consists of three critical stages: sampling to obtain a representative portion of the shipment, sample preparation (crushing and pulverizing), and laboratory analysis to determine composition and quality.
• The risk of under-valuation is higher for minerals that are not highly commoditized (e.g., bauxite compared to refined alumina), those with significant quality variations, and transactions involving related parties or private companies lacking public reporting obligations.
• Governments can choose from three strategic responses based on risk: direct measurement for high risk, a mixed approach for medium risk, and auditing company procedures for low risk.
• Establishing a state laboratory requires significant investment, with initial costs between 2 and 5 million EUR and annual operating costs for a medium-sized facility between 300,000 and 500,000 EUR.
• ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation is essential for state laboratories to ensure that their results are legally defensible in court against mining companies.
• Sampling is identified as the stage most prone to errors, and governments are advised to allocate as many or more resources to sampling training as they do to laboratory analysis.
• For small producing countries, regional common laboratories are proposed as a more economically rational alternative to individual national laboratories.
• International reporting standards such as NI 43-101 (Canada), SAMREC (South Africa), and JORC (Australia) provide a framework for companies to disclose sampling and analysis methods, which states can use to verify reliability.
• In Sierra Leone, a risk-based mixed approach is recommended because while iron ore risk is low, bauxite presents a high risk due to sales to related parties and a lack of index prices.
• In Guinea, direct measurement is recommended due to the high volume of bauxite exports and the lack of transparency in bauxite pricing compared to iron ore.

APA

Readhead, A. (2018). CONTRÔLER LA VALEUR DES EXPORTATIONS DE MINÉRAUX : OPTIONS STRATÉGIQUES POUR LES ÉTATS. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-07/monitoring-value-mineral-exports-policy-options-for-governments-fr.pdf

Chicago

Readhead, Alexandra. CONTRÔLER LA VALEUR DES EXPORTATIONS DE MINÉRAUX : OPTIONS STRATÉGIQUES POUR LES ÉTATS. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2018. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-07/monitoring-value-mineral-exports-policy-options-for-governments-fr.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Readhead |first1=Alexandra |title=CONTRÔLER LA VALEUR DES EXPORTATIONS DE MINÉRAUX : OPTIONS STRATÉGIQUES POUR LES ÉTATS |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=2018 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-07/monitoring-value-mineral-exports-policy-options-for-governments-fr.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{readhead2018contrler, author = {Readhead, Alexandra}, title = {{CONTRÔLER LA VALEUR DES EXPORTATIONS DE MINÉRAUX : OPTIONS STRATÉGIQUES POUR LES ÉTATS}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2018}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-07/monitoring-value-mineral-exports-policy-options-for-governments-fr.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }