Atténuer les changements climatiques grâce aux mesures d’utilisation des terres dans les secteurs de l’agriculture et de la foresterie

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the role of agriculture, forestry, and other land use (AFOLU) in climate change mitigation. It analyzes the potential for carbon sequestration in developing countries, the technical and financial obstacles to including these sectors in international agreements, and the specific policy positions and regulatory frameworks of Canada.

• Agriculture and land-use changes, such as deforestation, are significant contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for approximately 13% and 17% of total human-induced emissions, respectively.
• Developing countries possess substantial mitigation potential in the AFOLU sector, with soil carbon sequestration in agricultural lands estimated to potentially capture about 10% of atmospheric carbon.
• The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) for the first commitment period was limited to afforestation and reforestation (A/R), which saw slow implementation due to high preparation costs, data collection difficulties, and the temporary nature of the resulting credits.
• The REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) framework faces several unresolved negotiation points, including the precise definition of 'forest', the choice between national or subnational approaches, and whether to use market-based mechanisms or grant-based funding.
• Technical obstacles to including agriculture and forestry in future climate agreements include high levels of uncertainty in accounting, the risk of 'leakage' (where emissions are simply displaced to other areas), and the issue of non-permanence, where sequestered carbon is released back into the atmosphere due to fire or pests.
• Canada's forests were generally a carbon sink between 1990 and 2005, but there is a 90% probability they will be a net carbon source between 2008 and 2012, largely due to wildfires and mountain pine beetle infestations.
• Canada proposes a 'Forward Looking Baseline' (FLB) approach for forest management accounting, which compares projected emissions and absorptions against a future reference scenario to better reflect forest dynamics and avoid penalizing countries for natural disturbances.
• Under the 'Turning the Corner' regulatory framework, Canada allows companies to use CDM credits for compliance up to 10% of their target, but specifically excludes credits from forest carbon sink projects due to their temporary nature.

APA

Murphy, D., De Vit, C., & Nolet, J. (2009). Atténuer les changements climatiques grâce aux mesures d’utilisation des terres dans les secteurs de l’agriculture et de la foresterie. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/climate_change_mitigation_land_use_fr.pdf

Chicago

Murphy, Deborah, Caroline De Vit, and Jean Nolet. Atténuer les changements climatiques grâce aux mesures d’utilisation des terres dans les secteurs de l’agriculture et de la foresterie. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2009. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/climate_change_mitigation_land_use_fr.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Murphy |first1=Deborah |last2=De Vit |first2=Caroline |last3=Nolet |first3=Jean |title=Atténuer les changements climatiques grâce aux mesures d’utilisation des terres dans les secteurs de l’agriculture et de la foresterie |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=March 2009 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/climate_change_mitigation_land_use_fr.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{murphy2009attnuer, author = {Murphy, Deborah and De Vit, Caroline and Nolet, Jean}, title = {{Atténuer les changements climatiques grâce aux mesures d’utilisation des terres dans les secteurs de l’agriculture et de la foresterie}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2009}, month = mar, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/climate_change_mitigation_land_use_fr.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }