Les conversations internationales sur le commerce et le climat : de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce à la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques

The paper analyzes the shift toward concrete implementation of climate-related trade measures, such as carbon border adjustment mechanisms and deforestation regulations. It details recent activities within the WTO's Committee on Trade and Environment and the outcomes of COP30, emphasizing the need for international cooperation on transparency, interoperability, and development support to avoid market fragmentation.

• Climate-related trade measures are moving from political debate to practical application, exemplified by the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) entering its final phase in January 2026 and the UK's planned CBAM effective date of January 1, 2027. Other jurisdictions including Australia, Canada, and Chinese Taipei are studying similar instruments, while Brazil and Turkey are addressing carbon leakage risks in their legislation.
• The EU's revised deforestation regulation requires large and medium operators to comply by December 30, 2026, and small and medium enterprises by June 30, 2027.
• WTO discussions in 2025 centered on three recurring themes: equity and development concerns (highlighted by the African Group and LDC Group), fragmentation and compliance costs (emphasized by China and Japan), and the WTO's role as a technical and transparency forum.
• Under the leadership of Ambassador Erwin Bollinger, the WTO's Committee on Trade and Environment (CTE) has shifted toward a multilateral format focusing on three pillars for 2026: transparency, interoperability, and the development dimension.
• COP30 in Belém, Brazil, resulted in the 'Mutirão' decision to establish three technical dialogues on international cooperation regarding trade from 2026 to 2028, and the launch of the non-binding Integrated Forum on Climate Change and Trade by the Brazilian presidency.

APA

Baršauskaitė, I., & Bonnet, A. (n.d.). Les conversations internationales sur le commerce et le climat : de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce à la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/policy-analysis/international-conversations-trade-climate

Chicago

Baršauskaitė, Ieva, and Antoine Bonnet. Les conversations internationales sur le commerce et le climat : de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce à la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques. International Institute for Sustainable Development, n.d. https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/policy-analysis/international-conversations-trade-climate.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Baršauskaitė |first1=Ieva |last2=Bonnet |first2=Antoine |title=Les conversations internationales sur le commerce et le climat : de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce à la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |url=https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/policy-analysis/international-conversations-trade-climate |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{barauskaitndles, author = {Baršauskaitė, Ieva and Bonnet, Antoine}, title = {{Les conversations internationales sur le commerce et le climat : de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce à la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/policy-analysis/international-conversations-trade-climate}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }