resistencia fecunda en los bosques comunidades locales en defensa de la biodiversidad forestal

The document analyzes how transnational corporations, multilateral financial institutions, and national governments drive deforestation and biodiversity loss through industrial monocultures and extractive industries. It presents case studies from Costa Rica, Argentina, Colombia, Indonesia, Paraguay, Cameroon, South Africa, and Ecuador to illustrate the displacement of indigenous peoples and the destruction of ecosystems. The report concludes by recommending a legally binding international framework for corporate regulation and the recognition of indigenous land rights to protect forest biodiversity.

• The report argues that the economic model promoted by the IMF, World Bank, and WTO generates deforestation and forest degradation by integrating local economies into the global market and opening them to transnational investment in export-oriented products.
• In Costa Rica, neoliberal policies and Structural Adjustment Programs led to the expansion of industrial agriculture, including bananas, citrus, and pineapple, which displaced peasant families and destroyed primary forests and wetlands.
• In Argentina, the privatization of energy companies and deregulation of markets facilitated the entry of transnational firms like Repsol and Pan American Energy, causing environmental damage and violating the ancestral rights of indigenous groups such as the Mapuche, Kolla, and Guaraní.
• In the Putumayo region of Colombia, oil exploration and the 'Plan Colombia' have caused severe environmental destruction and cultural fragmentation for indigenous peoples, including the Kofan and Inga, through the use of dynamite for seismic testing and the displacement of populations.
• In Indonesia, the expansion of oil palm plantations, specifically by companies like PT Harapan Sawit Lestari, has led to the violation of traditional land rights, the use of fire to clear land, and the displacement of Dayak Jelai and Melayu communities.
• In Paraguay, the agro-industry, influenced by companies such as Bayer, Monsanto, and Novartis, has promoted the expansion of the agricultural frontier for soy exports, leading to massive deforestation in the Cordillera de Yvyturusú.
• French logging companies in Cameroon, such as the Rougier group and Bolloré, have been convicted of illegal activities, including falsifying CITES documents and exceeding export quotas, while continuing to receive subsidies from the French Development Agency.
• In South Africa, the FAO's definition of 'forests' is criticized for including industrial monocultures of exotic species like eucalyptus and pine, which the report claims are not ecosystems but wood-producing entities that destroy biodiversity and deplete water resources.
• In Ecuador, the EUCAPACIFIC project uses eucalyptus plantations as 'carbon sinks' under the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism, which the report argues is a business for transnational companies to gain pollution credits while displacing local communities.

APA

carrere, R., baltodano, J., pedace, R., rodríguez, J. M., chaparro, A. P., sofa, F., castell, F., menne, W., & ramos, I. (2002). resistencia fecunda en los bosques comunidades locales en defensa de la biodiversidad forestal. Friends of the Earth International. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/forests_esp.pdf

Chicago

carrere, ricardo, javier baltodano, roque pedace, javier marín rodríguez, alejandro pulido chaparro, farah sofa, frédéric castell, wally menne, and ivonne ramos. resistencia fecunda en los bosques comunidades locales en defensa de la biodiversidad forestal. Friends of the Earth International, 2002. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/forests_esp.pdf.

Wikipedia

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BibTeX

@techreport{carrere2002resistencia, author = {carrere, ricardo and baltodano, javier and pedace, roque and rodríguez, javier marín and chaparro, alejandro pulido and sofa, farah and castell, frédéric and menne, wally and ramos, ivonne}, title = {{resistencia fecunda en los bosques comunidades locales en defensa de la biodiversidad forestal}}, institution = {Friends of the Earth International}, year = {2002}, month = aug, url = {https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/forests_esp.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }