人と気候の両方に役立つ、公平で効果的な 排出量取引制度の重要なポイント

The report by Carbon Market Watch outlines a framework for 'carbon pricing done right,' arguing that such systems must be integrated into broader policy packages and based on strict emission caps to be effective. It emphasizes the 'polluter pays principle,' warning against free allocations and offsets, which it claims can weaken price signals and lead to greenwashing. The document advocates for transparency, the reinvestment of revenues into climate action and vulnerable communities, and a cautious approach to carbon leakage and border adjustment mechanisms to avoid protectionism while ensuring climate justice.

• Carbon pricing is most effective when integrated into a broader policy package that includes clear climate goals, the phase-out of fossil fuels, and investments in renewable energy and energy efficiency.
• For Emissions Trading Systems (ETS), an 'absolute cap' on total emissions is the most reliable approach for environmental effectiveness, whereas 'intensity-based caps' (linked to GDP or production) do not guarantee an overall reduction in emissions.
• Free allocations, rebates, and energy cost subsidies weaken the price signal and can lead to 'windfall profits' for companies, contradicting the 'polluter pays principle.'
• There is little empirical evidence that carbon pricing causes significant 'carbon leakage'; OECD research indicates that leakage through international trade offset only about 13% of domestic emission reductions.
• Carbon offsets and removals should not replace direct emission reductions, as they often lack permanence and can be used for greenwashing; for example, some cookstove projects in the K-ETS were found to overestimate reductions by more than 18 times.
• Revenues from carbon pricing should be transparently earmarked for climate measures and protecting vulnerable households, rather than being absorbed into general budgets, as seen in the early stages of the EU ETS where less than 60% of 88.5 billion euros collected between 2013 and 2021 went to true climate investments.

APA

リディア・タメリーニ, & ジャンヌ・マルラズ (n.d.). 人と気候の両方に役立つ、公平で効果的な 排出量取引制度の重要なポイント. Carbon Market Watch. https://carbonmarketwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Final-JP_Carbon-pricing-done-right_-日本語実装の確認-1.pdf

Chicago

リディア・タメリーニ, and ジャンヌ・マルラズ. 人と気候の両方に役立つ、公平で効果的な 排出量取引制度の重要なポイント. Carbon Market Watch, n.d. https://carbonmarketwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Final-JP_Carbon-pricing-done-right_-日本語実装の確認-1.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=リディア・タメリーニ |last2=ジャンヌ・マルラズ |title=人と気候の両方に役立つ、公平で効果的な 排出量取引制度の重要なポイント |publisher=Carbon Market Watch |url=https://carbonmarketwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Final-JP_Carbon-pricing-done-right_-日本語実装の確認-1.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{nd, author = {リディア・タメリーニ and ジャンヌ・マルラズ}, title = {{人と気候の両方に役立つ、公平で効果的な 排出量取引制度の重要なポイント}}, institution = {Carbon Market Watch}, url = {https://carbonmarketwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Final-JP_Carbon-pricing-done-right_-日本語実装の確認-1.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }