ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL? RADIOGRAFIA DO CAR E DO PRA NOS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the implementation of the Brazilian Forest Code (Law 12.651/2012) across Brazilian states, focusing on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA). It evaluates state-level regulations, the progress of CAR validation, and the operational status of PRAs, highlighting significant regional disparities in progress and the technical challenges facing state environmental agencies.

• The implementation of the Forest Code is highly uneven across Brazil; the North and Center-West regions are the most advanced, while the Northeast is the most delayed, with six states lacking any regulation and only recently starting CAR validation.
• While almost all states have advanced in the initial CAR registration phase, the subsequent analysis and validation stage is hindered by low-quality registrations, a high volume of data, and a lack of technical and human resources.
• Effective operationalization of the PRA is rare; only five states (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rondônia, Pará, and Bahia) have fully implemented the program with operational systems, signed commitment terms, and active monitoring of restoration projects.
• There is significant variation in the deadlines states have set for the restoration of consolidated Permanent Preservation Areas (APP), ranging from a short five-year window in Rondônia to a twenty-year window in states like Bahia, Goiás, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo.
• The most widely adopted method for Legal Reserve (RL) compensation is the donation of areas within public Conservation Units (UC) pending land regularization, a modality regulated in 12 states.
• The introduction of a potential Federal PRA (via Law 13.887/2019) creates legal uncertainty, as it may conflict with the federative principle and could lead to judicial challenges from states wishing to maintain their own regulatory competence.
• Many states rely heavily on the Federal Government's SICAR platform and its PRA Module, making them vulnerable to federal delays or system outages, which directly impact state-level implementation.
• The application of Article 68 of the Forest Code, which exempts owners from recomposing Legal Reserves if they followed the laws in effect at the time of suppression, is complex due to the lack of historical cartographic bases.
• In the Legal Amazon, most states (Acre, Amazonas, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rondônia, and Tocantins) have approved Ecological-Economic Zoning (ZEE), which is a prerequisite for potentially reducing Legal Reserve requirements from 80% to 50%.

APA

Chiavari, J., & Lopes, C. L. (2019). ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL? RADIOGRAFIA DO CAR E DO PRA NOS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS. Climate Policy Initiative. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Onde-estamos-na-implementacao-do-Codigo-Florestal.pdf

Chicago

Chiavari, Joana, and Cristina Leme Lopes. ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL? RADIOGRAFIA DO CAR E DO PRA NOS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS. Climate Policy Initiative, 2019. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Onde-estamos-na-implementacao-do-Codigo-Florestal.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Chiavari |first1=Joana |last2=Lopes |first2=Cristina Leme |title=ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL? RADIOGRAFIA DO CAR E DO PRA NOS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS |publisher=Climate Policy Initiative |date=December 2019 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Onde-estamos-na-implementacao-do-Codigo-Florestal.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{chiavari2019onde, author = {Chiavari, Joana and Lopes, Cristina Leme}, title = {{ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL? RADIOGRAFIA DO CAR E DO PRA NOS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2019}, month = dec, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Onde-estamos-na-implementacao-do-Codigo-Florestal.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }