Assessment how food security-related elements of national climate change strategies can harness international climate finance in an effective manner

The report identifies synergies and trade-offs between climate change mitigation, adaptation, and food security in the agricultural sector. It evaluates existing international funding mechanisms—including carbon markets, multilateral funds, and Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs)—and proposes the creation of domestic 'gatekeeper institutions' to coordinate resources and overcome implementation fragmentation for smallholders.

• The agricultural sector is responsible for approximately 50% of global methane emissions, making methane reduction a high-priority short-term mitigation goal.
• Improved cropland management offers the highest mitigation potential among assessed measures, estimated at 700 Mt CO2-eq/year at a price level up to 20 USD/t, and provides long-term adaptation benefits by improving soil conditions.
• Certain mitigation activities, such as agro-forestry, reduced tillage, and fossil fuel reduction, may cause short-term decreases in crop yields, creating a trade-off with food security that requires compensation mechanisms for farmers.
• Carbon markets have successfully funded methane avoidance and manure management, particularly through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), but have largely failed to tap into cropland management due to high transaction costs and missing measurement methodologies.
• International adaptation funding is characterized by a bottom-up approach where countries identify their own priorities; for example, 52% of projects approved by the Adaptation Fund relate to agriculture or food security.
• The Green Climate Fund (GCF) is identified as a critical future instrument because it has an explicit mandate to finance integrated approaches that combine mitigation and adaptation, though there is currently little experience in rewarding both simultaneously.
• To address the fragmentation of international funding and the challenges of coordinating numerous smallholders, the report recommends establishing domestic 'gatekeeper institutions' to channel resources and manage fiduciary standards.
• The report suggests creating a 'Food Security Gold Standard' for carbon credits to ensure that mitigation projects maintain or increase food supplies.

APA

Junghans, L., Harmeling, S., Köhler, M., Boos, D., Butzengeiger, S., & Michaelowa, A. (2013). Assessment how food security-related elements of national climate change strategies can harness international climate finance in an effective manner. Climate and Development Knowledge Network. http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Task-3-Report-final.pdf

Chicago

Junghans, Lisa, Sven Harmeling, Michel Köhler, Daniela Boos, Sonja Butzengeiger, and Axel Michaelowa. Assessment how food security-related elements of national climate change strategies can harness international climate finance in an effective manner. Climate and Development Knowledge Network, 2013. http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Task-3-Report-final.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Junghans |first1=Lisa |last2=Harmeling |first2=Sven |last3=Köhler |first3=Michel |last4=Boos |first4=Daniela |last5=Butzengeiger |first5=Sonja |last6=Michaelowa |first6=Axel |title=Assessment how food security-related elements of national climate change strategies can harness international climate finance in an effective manner |publisher=Climate and Development Knowledge Network |date=18 February 2013 |url=http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Task-3-Report-final.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{junghans2013assessment, author = {Junghans, Lisa and Harmeling, Sven and Köhler, Michel and Boos, Daniela and Butzengeiger, Sonja and Michaelowa, Axel}, title = {{Assessment how food security-related elements of national climate change strategies can harness international climate finance in an effective manner}}, institution = {Climate and Development Knowledge Network}, year = {2013}, month = feb, url = {http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Task-3-Report-final.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }