A framework for mainstreaming climate resilience into development planning

The paper introduces the Climate Resilience Mainstreaming Building Block (CRMBB) framework, which guides government planners in integrating climate resilience into policy objectives, spatial scales, and temporal planning cycles. It identifies three primary policy responses: climate-proofing, climate-first, and development-first. The CRMBB framework consists of three building blocks: an enabling environment (political will and information services), policy and planning (policy frameworks, institutional arrangements, and financial frameworks), and projects and programmes. Case studies from Bangladesh, Cambodia, Laos, Kenya, The Gambia, and Rwanda demonstrate a trend toward country-led, programmatic approaches over externally driven, project-based initiatives.

• The authors propose the Climate Resilience Mainstreaming Building Block (CRMBB) framework as a diagnostic tool for government officials to assess and plan the integration of climate resilience into development planning.
• Effective mainstreaming requires a shift from externally imposed priorities toward country-led approaches that are embedded in existing development planning systems, capacity, and priorities.
• The document identifies three distinct policy responses to mainstreaming: 'climate-proofing' (protecting existing interventions), 'climate-first' (addressing incremental risks via stand-alone policies), and 'development-first' (integrating resilience into the planning process from the start).
• The CRMBB framework is structured around three building blocks: an enabling environment (the primary requirement), policy and planning (for systems-based approaches), and projects and programmes (for project-based approaches).

APA

Pervin, M., Sultana, S., Phirum, A., Camara, I. F., Nzau, V. M., Phonnasane, V., Khounsy, P., Kaur, N., & Anderson, S. (2013). A framework for mainstreaming climate resilience into development planning. Climate and Development Knowledge Network. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/Final-Working-Paper.pdf

Chicago

Pervin, Mousumi, Shahana Sultana, Am Phirum, Isatou F. Camara, Vincent M. Nzau, Vanhthone Phonnasane, Pasalath Khounsy, Nanki Kaur, and Simon Anderson. A framework for mainstreaming climate resilience into development planning. Climate and Development Knowledge Network, 2013. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/Final-Working-Paper.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Pervin |first1=Mousumi |last2=Sultana |first2=Shahana |last3=Phirum |first3=Am |last4=Camara |first4=Isatou F. |last5=Nzau |first5=Vincent M. |last6=Phonnasane |first6=Vanhthone |last7=Khounsy |first7=Pasalath |last8=Kaur |first8=Nanki |last9=Anderson |first9=Simon |title=A framework for mainstreaming climate resilience into development planning |publisher=Climate and Development Knowledge Network |date=November 2013 |url=https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/Final-Working-Paper.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{pervin2013framework, author = {Pervin, Mousumi and Sultana, Shahana and Phirum, Am and Camara, Isatou F. and Nzau, Vincent M. and Phonnasane, Vanhthone and Khounsy, Pasalath and Kaur, Nanki and Anderson, Simon}, title = {{A framework for mainstreaming climate resilience into development planning}}, institution = {Climate and Development Knowledge Network}, year = {2013}, month = nov, url = {https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/Final-Working-Paper.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }