Final Report of Bangladesh Country Study Case Study on Climate Compatible Development (CCD) in Agriculture for Food Security in Bangladesh

This 2012 case study examines the integration of Climate Compatible Development (CCD) in Bangladesh's agricultural sector to ensure food security. It highlights the country's extreme vulnerability to climate change, the prioritization of food security in the Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP), and the need for a balanced approach between adaptation (e.g., resilient crop varieties) and mitigation (e.g., reducing GHG emissions from livestock and fertilizers). The report identifies significant funding gaps, with a total Country Investment Plan cost of USD 7.8 billion, and notes institutional barriers, including a perception that as an LDC, Bangladesh has minimal mitigation obligations.

• Bangladesh is highly vulnerable to climate change due to its geography, with approximately 10% of the country situated less than one meter above sea level and one-third subject to tidal excursions. Major climate-related threats include frequent floods, river erosion, cyclones, tidal surges, salinity, drought, heat waves, and water logging.
• Agriculture is a critical economic driver, contributing about 20% of the GDP and employing over 55% of the population. Rice is the dominant crop, covering 75% of cropping areas and providing over 95% of total food grain production, which meets 65% of the population's calorie needs.
• The Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP), formulated in 2008 and revised in 2009, prioritizes food security as its highest priority. It is structured around six pillars: food security, social protection and health; comprehensive disaster management; infrastructure; research and knowledge management; mitigation and low carbon development; and capacity building and institutional strengthening.
• The government has established the Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund (BCCTF) with an initial allocation of USD 100 million to implement BCCSAP projects. However, the Climate Change Unit at the Ministry of Environment and Forest estimates a requirement of USD 5 billion to implement adaptation and mitigation projects over the following five years.
• Climate change is projected to significantly reduce agricultural productivity. A temperature rise of 1 to 2 degrees Celsius is expected to reduce crop productivity, and the World Bank predicts national rice production will decline under all climate change scenarios between 2005 and 2050.
• Livestock and fisheries are also threatened by climate change. Heat stress is expected to reduce milk production and reproductive performance in livestock, while fisheries face risks from erratic flooding and increased aridity, with a potential loss of over 4 million metric tons of fisheries by 2030.
• Key adaptation strategies in agriculture include the promotion of climate-resilient crops (salinity, submergence, and drought tolerant), adjusting cropping patterns, improving farm management through information dissemination, and enhancing R&D.
• Potential mitigation options in the agricultural sector include using crops that require less water, reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers, adopting organic manure, implementing agro-forestry, and improving energy efficiency in irrigation and post-harvest activities.
• There are significant barriers to achieving Climate Compatible Development (CCD) in Bangladesh, including a perception among some policymakers that as a Least Developed Country (LDC), the nation has little obligation to mitigate GHG emissions. Other barriers include lack of technical knowledge, insufficient skilled manpower, and poor institutional capacity to implement mitigation actions.
• The government's Country Investment Plan (CIP) for agriculture, food security, and nutrition estimates a total cost of USD 7.8 billion, with a remaining financing gap of USD 5.1 billion, of which USD 3.4 billion are identified as first priority requirements.

APA

Mallick, D., Amin, A., & Rahman, A. (2012). Final Report of Bangladesh Country Study Case Study on Climate Compatible Development (CCD) in Agriculture for Food Security in Bangladesh. Climate and Development Knowledge Network. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/CCD-for-Agriculture_Case-Study_Bangladesh-final.pdf

Chicago

Mallick, Dwijen, Ashraful Amin, and Atiq Rahman. Final Report of Bangladesh Country Study Case Study on Climate Compatible Development (CCD) in Agriculture for Food Security in Bangladesh. Climate and Development Knowledge Network, 2012. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/CCD-for-Agriculture_Case-Study_Bangladesh-final.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Mallick |first1=Dwijen |last2=Amin |first2=Ashraful |last3=Rahman |first3=Atiq |title=Final Report of Bangladesh Country Study Case Study on Climate Compatible Development (CCD) in Agriculture for Food Security in Bangladesh |publisher=Climate and Development Knowledge Network |date=September 2012 |url=https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/CCD-for-Agriculture_Case-Study_Bangladesh-final.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{mallick2012final, author = {Mallick, Dwijen and Amin, Ashraful and Rahman, Atiq}, title = {{Final Report of Bangladesh Country Study Case Study on Climate Compatible Development (CCD) in Agriculture for Food Security in Bangladesh}}, institution = {Climate and Development Knowledge Network}, year = {2012}, month = sep, url = {https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/CCD-for-Agriculture_Case-Study_Bangladesh-final.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }