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This technical report by the Stockholm Environment Institute analyzes three agricultural water management (AWM) scenarios in the Mkindo watershed of the Wami River Basin, Tanzania. Using community fieldwork and expert meetings, the report evaluates how different interventions—ranging from small-scale irrigation and rainwater storage to diesel pumps and large-scale commercial cash crop expansion—impact the livelihoods of small-scale farmers, livestock keepers, and other residents over a ten-year horizon.

This 2012 technical report by the Stockholm Environment Institute provides a baseline assessment of livelihood strategies in the Mkindo Watershed of the Wami Basin, Tanzania. It identifies three main livelihood groups: farmers with official irrigation, rainfed farmers, and livestock keepers. The report highlights that while irrigated farmers are more financially successful, rainfed farmers use diversification to manage risk. Livestock keepers face the most insecurity due to land degradation and water scarcity, leading to conflicts with farmers. The document also notes environmental degradation caused by commercial sugarcane farming and widespread health issues linked to poor water quality.