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The paper maps the disparate research and practice of 'business-peace' interactions into five core assertions: economic engagement creating a peace dividend, local development building peace capacities, importing international norms for accountability, constraining conflict drivers, and direct corporate diplomacy. While proponents argue these activities foster stability and development, critics warn of neo-colonial exploitation, 'peacewashing', and the risk of exacerbating local inequalities. The author concludes that business contributions are often limited by the willingness of local regimes and the priority of profit over courageous ethical choices in fragile contexts.

Free-flowing rivers, defined as those largely unaffected by human-made changes to flow and connectivity, are critical for biodiversity, groundwater recharge, and human survival. Only one-third of the world's 246 longest rivers (those 1,000 km or longer) remain free-flowing, with most remaining in remote, less developed, or politically complex regions. Infrastructure, particularly dams, roads, and buildings, disrupts sediment transfer and animal migration, threatening deltas and fish stocks. WWF aims to protect these systems by opposing harmful dams, promoting protective laws, supporting sustainable energy alternatives to hydropower, and pursuing dam removal.