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A study of sea surface temperature (SST) around southern South America from 1982 to 2017 reveals divergent trends: moderate to intense warming in mid-latitude regions (30°–50°S) and moderate cooling south of 50°S. Significant opposite trends were identified on the Patagonian Shelf, with the Northern Patagonian Shelf warming and the Southern Patagonian Shelf cooling, primarily driven by variability between 2008 and 2017.

This policy brief examines the evolution of international ocean governance from the 1972 Stockholm Conference to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It details the legal frameworks established to manage marine resources and pollution, the challenges of fragmented sectoral management, and the urgent need for a holistic, ecosystem-based approach to address cumulative stressors like climate change, overfishing, and acidification.

This guide, prepared by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN), Overseas Development Institute (ODI), and SouthSouthNorth (SSN), translates the findings of the 2019 IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate specifically for African policymakers. It details how human-induced climate change is altering ocean chemistry and temperature, accelerating sea-level rise, and melting high-mountain glaciers, all of which threaten marine biodiversity, food security, and coastal infrastructure across the African continent.

This guide, produced by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN), Overseas Development Institute (ODI), and SouthSouthNorth (SSN), distils the 2019 IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate specifically for African decision-makers. It details how human-induced warming is altering ocean chemistry and temperature, accelerating sea level rise, and melting high mountain frozen lands, all of which threaten African ecosystems, food security, and coastal livelihoods.

This document is a preview of results from a book regarding the valuation of oceans and the economic impacts of action or inaction, focusing on the Pacific Ocean as a case study for the need for integrated regional policies to address multiple human-induced stressors.

This report, published by the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), examines the multifaceted impacts of climate change across Latin America and the Caribbean. It highlights the vulnerability of rural communities, women, and artisanal fisheries, while discussing the intersection of environmental degradation, public health, and migration. The document advocates for a 'transdisciplinary' approach to science that integrates local and Indigenous knowledge into policy-making to build regional resilience.

This report, published by the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (iai) and Latinoamérica21, examines the multifaceted impacts of climate change across Latin America and the Caribbean. It highlights the vulnerability of rural women, the disruption of education by extreme weather, and the drivers of climate-induced migration. The document advocates for a transition toward transdisciplinary science and participatory governance, particularly in water management and public health, to address the socio-ecological crises of the Anthropocene.

This project brief describes the #SeAdapta research initiative, supported by the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), which examines the adaptive capacity of small-scale fisheries and marine ecosystem services in Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, and Ecuador to ensure human well-being amidst anthropogenic climate change.

This executive summary from the Stockholm Environment Institute describes the cumulative impact of global and local stressors on marine ecosystems. It highlights that over 40 percent of the marine environment is already affected by combined stressors, such as ocean warming, acidification, and overfishing. The document argues that current management strategies are often too narrow, focusing on single issues rather than the synergistic interactions between stressors, and calls for a cross-scale governance system to increase ecosystem resilience.

This executive summary previews a forthcoming book on the economic valuation of ocean services and the consequences of global environmental change. It identifies six primary threats to the ocean—acidification, warming, hypoxia, sea level rise, pollution, and overuse of resources—and argues that these stressors often interact synergistically, accelerating ecosystem degradation. The document advocates for a shift from traditional cost-benefit analysis to insurance-based risk models to account for catastrophic tipping points and recommends the appointment of a UN High Commissioner for Oceans to coordinate global governance.

This case study examines the recovery of coral reefs in Costa Rica's Caño Island Biological Reserve and Cocos Island National Park following severe bleaching events caused by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warming and phytoplankton blooms.