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This guide provides a foundational overview of electric vehicle (EV) batteries, explaining the different types of electric vehicles, the reasons for the prevalence of lithium-ion technology, the basic chemical mechanisms of battery operation, and the primary minerals required for production.

This briefing by RMI discusses how improvements in lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cycle life—specifically the pursuit of batteries capable of lasting a million miles—can enable critical energy transition applications beyond electric vehicles (EVs), including vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services, fast charging, and long-duration energy storage using second-life batteries.

This fact sheet from the Environmental and Energy Study Institute describes the role of energy storage in enhancing grid resilience, integrating intermittent renewable energy, and managing peak demand. It details various storage technologies—including pumped-storage hydropower, batteries, compressed air, thermal, hydrogen, and flywheels—comparing their technical specifications, costs, and current global applications.

This factsheet by GreenCape provides technical and financial guidance on implementing energy storage systems, specifically Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, at wastewater treatment works (WWTWs) in South Africa to improve energy security and integrate renewable energy.