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Throwing the Chocolate Bar Out with the Bathwater
This commentary by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) criticizes Cadbury's decision to replace Fairtrade International certification with an in-house sustainability standard for its cocoa sourcing. The author argues that this shift reduces public oversight, increases transaction costs for producers, and undermines the participatory governance and market credibility provided by independent international standards.
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Document type: Briefing
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