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This fact sheet by Ember warns that Romania's hard coal production in the Jiu Valley is significantly more methane-intensive than the limits set by the EU Methane Regulation of May 2024, risking penalties if intensity is not reduced by 2027.

A fact sheet by Ember detailing the risk of sanctions for Romania due to high methane emissions from its hard coal mines, which currently exceed EU limits, and proposing methane capture and conversion as a solution.

Romania faces potential penalties under the EU Methane Regulation due to high methane intensity in its underground hard coal mines in the Jiu Valley. Despite state-owned mines exceeding EU emission limits, the country has shown a lack of transparency in reporting hard coal production and lacks projects for abandoned mine methane utilisation.

This report introduction by Ember highlights the significant but underreported climate impact of methane emissions from global coal mining, noting that these emissions are often underestimated and poorly monitored by governments.

This report by Ember analyzes the impact of India's planned expansion of coal mining on methane emissions. It projects that without mitigation, coal mine methane emissions could more than double by 2029, potentially reaching over 1.67 million tonnes per year. The report proposes a gradual mitigation roadmap to reduce emissions by 35% by 2030, which could save up to $980 million USD by replacing imported gas and significantly reduce short-term climate warming and mining safety risks.

This report by Global Energy Monitor examines China's coal mining sector, highlighting a record-breaking production of 4,700 million tonnes in 2023 and a massive pipeline of proposed new capacity. It details the environmental impact, specifically the sector's role as a primary source of global coal mine methane emissions, and analyzes the tension between China's energy security needs and its 'dual-carbon' climate goals.

This document consists of two distinct parts: a supplemental expert report by Dr. Ranajit (Ron) Sahu evaluating the air quality impact assessment (AQIA) for the proposed Lephalale Coal Mine, and a comprehensive Spatial Development Framework (SDF) for the Lephalale Local Municipality. Dr. Sahu concludes that the mine will cause substantial adverse particulate matter (PM) impacts, exceeding national standards even with mitigation. The SDF section provides a long-term spatial plan for the municipality, focusing on the 'energy hub' of Africa, rural development, and the management of urban sprawl and environmental protection.

Dr. Ranajit Sahu's expert report concludes that the Updated Air Quality Impact Assessment for the proposed Lephalale Coal Mine confirms that particulate matter emissions will exceed national health standards even with mitigation. He criticizes the assessment for using flawed US EPA methodologies, lacking data on Total Suspended Particulates, and using an unrealistic 'average' truck weight for emissions modeling.

Ember submitted a statement to Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, Environment and Water arguing that the Boggabri Coal Mine's Modification 10 proposal significantly underestimates fugitive emissions. Ember contends that the mine uses an unverified, decade-old emissions factor that is 95 times lower than state guidance, potentially under-reporting Scope 1 emissions by millions of tonnes, especially as the mine seeks to operate at greater depths.

This report by Ember examines the risks associated with a proposed shift in Australia's emissions reporting for open-cut coal mines, moving from state-based average emission factors (Method 1) to unverified company-led estimates (Method 2). The analysis of ten mines suggests that this shift allows companies to significantly under-report fugitive methane emissions, potentially erasing millions of tonnes of CO2-e from the national inventory without actual mitigation.

A June 2024 briefing by Global Energy Monitor (GEM) examines methane emissions from abandoned coal mines in the European Union (EU), highlighting significant data gaps and the potential for substantial unreported emissions. The report estimates that underground mines closed since 2015 could emit approximately 200 kilotonnes of methane per year, with Poland identified as the largest contributor.

This report by Ember argues that Germany significantly underreports methane emissions from its coal mining sector due to an outdated and unverified single emission factor from 1989. The analysis suggests that actual emissions could be 28 to 220 times higher than official figures, urging an urgent update to monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) frameworks ahead of the new EU Methane Regulation.

This report by Ember analyzes the underreporting of coal mine methane (CMM) emissions in Indonesia, arguing that current official figures significantly underestimate the actual environmental impact. The document highlights gaps in the monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems, the exclusion of underground mines, and the use of outdated emission factors, which may undermine Indonesia's commitments under the Global Methane Pledge.

Ember submits that coal mining emissions pose a critical risk to New South Wales' net zero targets. The report argues that current federal regulations like the Safeguard Mechanism are inadequate because they allow offsets over onsite mitigation and may underreport emissions from open cut mines. Using Tahmoor Colliery as a case study, Ember demonstrates that onsite VAM mitigation is technically feasible and commercially viable but requires state-led regulatory pressure. Key recommendations include pausing new coal mine approvals and commissioning a detailed risk report from the Net Zero Commission by June 2025.

This submission by Ember to the Federal Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (DCCEEW) argues for the extension and expansion of Australia's Coal Mine Waste Gas (CMWG) method beyond 2025. Ember recommends extending the methodology to include open-cut mines and improving measurement and verification frameworks to accelerate the decarbonisation of the coal sector.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the annual economic implications of a low-carbon energy transition for the state of Jharkhand, India. It estimates that the cumulative annual economic impact on Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), the state government, and the local community would be INR 725.9 billion (USD 8.7 billion). The document provides a detailed breakdown of potential losses in revenue, employment, and livelihoods across the solid fossil fuel mining and power generation sectors, while recommending a comprehensive Just Transition (JT) plan to mitigate these adverse effects.

This report by Ember argues that Australia significantly under-reports methane emissions from its coal mines due to outdated estimation methods and a lack of direct measurement. Using a new Coal Mine Methane Reporting Data Tracker, Ember finds that independent estimates suggest actual emissions could be up to double the figures reported to the government, undermining Australia's net zero 2050 commitment and its obligations under the Global Methane Pledge.

An assessment by Ember comparing government-reported coal mine methane (CMM) emissions to independent studies, finding that actual emissions may be up to twice as high as reported to the UNFCCC.

This report by Ember analyzes the underreporting of coal mine methane (CMM) emissions, finding that global emissions may be up to twice as high as government figures reported to the UNFCCC. It highlights systemic failures in monitoring, noting that 97% of reported emissions rely on general emission factors rather than direct measurement, and recommends mandatory direct monitoring, satellite verification, and international support for low-income countries to mitigate this potent greenhouse gas.

This report by Ember analyzes the methane emissions profile of Whitehaven Coal Limited, Australia's largest pure-play coal company. It argues that Whitehaven's current and proposed mining expansions could release over 1 million tonnes of methane by 2050, while highlighting significant discrepancies between company-reported emissions and independent estimates.