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RMI conducted a pre-feasibility analysis in 2023 for a high-capacity coal plant in Indonesia to evaluate retirement and repurposing options. The study found that replacing the plant with solar and storage is the preferred solution, potentially avoiding tens of millions of tons of carbon emissions and generating tens of millions of dollars in free cash flow for equity investors, provided there is adequate land and cheap financing.

This case study by RMI details a pre-feasibility analysis conducted in 2023 for a representative coal-fired power plant in Indonesia. The analysis evaluated four scenarios for accelerated retirement and repurposing—including early retirement without repurposing, early retirement with clean energy repurposing, and biomass co-firing—to determine their financial, technical, and climate impacts for investors, utilities, and the electricity system.

This report by Trend Asia examines the implementation of biomass co-firing in East Java, focusing on Energy Plantation Forests (HTE), wood pellet exporters, and the Paiton Power Plant (PLTU Paiton). The findings suggest that the transition to biomass has caused economic losses for local farmers, ecological damage, and relies on illegal supply chains of wood sawdust, while failing to provide a viable business model for the state-owned forestry company Perhutani.

This report by Trend Asia, CELIOS, and CREA identifies the 20 most toxic coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) in Indonesia, termed the "Toxic Twenty." It analyzes the severe public health, economic, and environmental costs associated with these facilities, arguing that current government retirement roadmaps are insufficient and often delayed by a reliance on unproven technologies like co-firing and CCS/CCUS. The report provides detailed case studies for several plants, documenting widespread respiratory illnesses, loss of traditional livelihoods in fisheries and agriculture, and significant negative impacts on regional GDP.

The report 'TOXIC TWENTY' identifies the 20 most dangerous coal-fired power plants (PLTU) in Indonesia, analyzing their severe impacts on public health, the economy, and the environment. It argues that current government commitments to renewable energy are inconsistent with the continued operation and expansion of these plants. The study quantifies massive health costs and economic losses, advocating for an accelerated, just phase-out of these facilities to avoid thousands of premature deaths and billions of dollars in economic damage by 2050.