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This policy report by the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) provides recommendations for the 2007 Farm Bill to better integrate renewable energy production into US agriculture policy. The authors argue that agriculture policy should be viewed as energy policy to boost rural income, enhance national security, and mitigate climate change. The report identifies a significant gap between the authorization of energy programs in the 2002 Farm Bill and the Energy Policy Act of 2005 and the actual appropriations provided to implement them, calling for a transition toward a diversified agriculture portfolio that prioritizes sustainable biomass, local ownership of biorefineries, and expanded research and education.