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The paper evaluates a two-year knowledge co-production process in Malmö focused on urban heat vulnerability, finding that collaborative efforts can reproduce power imbalances and sideline certain perspectives. Applying the lens of epistemic injustice, the authors identify seven unintended consequences, including territorial stigmatization and token participation, and argue that adaptation projects must be treated as political and moral undertakings rather than purely technical exercises.

The study finds that while faith-based organizations (FBOs) in Rwanda are deeply integrated into the food system—managing 75% of schools and 30% of health facilities—most lack formal food loss and waste (FLW) reduction programs. Key barriers include limited resources, knowledge, and skills. The paper argues that FBOs can be powerful agents of change for food security and climate resilience if supported through targeted capacity building, funding, and policy integration.