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This research paper examines the loss of applied nitrogen (LAN) as nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO) from N-fertilized tropical soils in the Venezuela savanna region, finding that emissions are significantly higher than IPCC default values.

This research paper examines soil respiration (Rs) across four levels of disturbance in the sclerophyllous ecosystems of the National Reserve Roblería del Cobre de Loncha in Central Chile, finding that higher disturbance levels significantly reduce carbon output and increase vulnerability to predicted climate change.

This research paper examines water governance in Chile's Maipo River basin, analyzing the intersection of neoliberal water laws, increasing water scarcity due to climate variability, and social mobilization. The author focuses on the impact of river sectioning laws, the Alto Maipo hydropower conflict, and the contested meanings of water scarcity to advocate for social and environmental justice in policy debates.

A research paper analyzing rainfall interception across different successional stages of tropical dry forests in Brazil and Costa Rica, finding that net rainfall trends vary significantly between the two studied regions.

This fact sheet by the Institute for Economic Justice (IEJ) examines the mechanisms and consequences of exclusion from South Africa's COVID-19 Social Relief of Distress (SRD) grant. Through a mixed-methods study, the IEJ finds that narrow poverty targeting and flawed automated verification systems lead to high rates of erroneous exclusion, disproportionately affecting the most marginalized populations, including women, rural dwellers, and those with limited digital or financial access.

This research paper examines the long-term impacts of the Boliden mine (operated 1976–1988) and its associated road on the Vilhelmina Södra reindeer herding district at Stihken. The study highlights a significant gap between state-predicted disturbance zones and the actual experiences of the herders, noting extensive land loss, disrupted migration routes, and ongoing disturbances from tourism. It argues that the state's failure to protect Sámi rights and the persistence of colonial exploitation patterns continue to affect the community, particularly regarding the potential for new mining projects in the area.

This research paper examines the governance of Lephalale, a mining town in South Africa's Limpopo province, focusing on the intersection of local government, spatial planning, and mining companies. It argues that the Medupi power station project failed to bridge apartheid-era spatial divides due to the Lephalale Local Municipality's lack of institutional capacity and its heavy dependence on private interests, specifically the multinational corporation Exxaro.

This joint report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) and the Finnish Innovation Fund Sitra examines the role of services and international services trade in supporting circular economy business models, identifying key service types, trade modes, and regulatory barriers.

This research paper by the Institute for Security Studies examines the radicalisation and recruitment processes of al-Shabaab in Somalia. Based on interviews with 88 former fighters and seven off-the-record sources, the study identifies a complex interplay of religious identity, socio-economic hardship, and political instability as primary drivers for recruitment, while highlighting the critical role of peer influence and the organisation's sophisticated intelligence capabilities.

This report, the final part of a five-part series by WWF South Africa, SinCo, Carbon Tracker, and Trucost, synthesizes research on the financial risks and opportunities associated with carbon emissions and water scarcity for institutional investors in South Africa. It argues that many investors are 'universal owners' whose returns depend on the overall health of the economy, making them vulnerable to systemic risks from climate change and water stress. The report finds that carbon and water risks are largely mispriced in the market, with significant exposure in the energy and mining sectors, and calls for regulatory interventions and a shift toward low-carbon, water-responsible investment strategies to avoid stranded assets and ensure long-term returns.

This research paper by James Manor, presented at a World Resources Institute conference in 2002, examines the relationship between democratic decentralization and social equity. The author analyzes whether shifting power to local levels reduces poverty and identifies specific political and social conditions under which marginalized groups are most likely to benefit from such systems.