BUILDING A FOUNDATION FOR LINEAR INFRASTRUCTURE SAFEGUARDS IN ASIA Training Manual

The manual outlines strategies for planning, designing, and evaluating linear infrastructure safeguards in Asia, emphasizing the use of spatial analysis, economic valuation, and engineering best practices to maintain ecological connectivity.

• Linear infrastructure (LI) in Asia threatens biodiversity by fragmenting habitats, increasing wildlife mortality, and hindering the ability of species to adapt to climate change. The most effective strategy for biodiversity conservation in the face of climate change is to "Improve habitat connections and reduce barriers to movement".
• The state of knowledge regarding LI impacts varies by mode: road ecology literature focuses heavily on direct collisions (documented for at least 611 species) but lacks focus on indirect impacts; rail literature is smaller and focuses on high-conservation mammals like Asian elephants; and power line literature focuses on electrocution and collision fatalities for 113 species.
• Economic analysis, including Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and valuation, is essential to justify investments in WFLI. Case studies in Indonesia and Malaysia demonstrate that environmental safeguards can add to a project's overall net value and that safeguard benefits can outweigh their costs.
• Capacity assessments across 28 Asian countries identify significant barriers to WFLI implementation, particularly during the planning, design, and construction phases. Key needs include formalizing nationwide laws for governments, including safeguard funding in budgets for International Financial Institutions (IFIs), and providing specific design training for industry.
• Effective wildlife crossing mitigation requires a combination of well-located crossing structures (overpasses and underpasses) and fencing. Fencing alone is insufficient as it prohibits movement and gene flow; therefore, it must be used to direct animals toward dedicated crossings.
• The successful design of wildlife crossings depends on a diverse team of experts—including biologists, road/railway ecologists, and landscape architects—collaborating with engineers from the early stages of project planning.

APA

CHOGYEL, K. (2021). BUILDING A FOUNDATION FOR LINEAR INFRASTRUCTURE SAFEGUARDS IN ASIA Training Manual. WWF International. https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/104/8u3hr43tw8_LISA_Project_Training_Manual.pdf

Chicago

CHOGYEL, KARMA. BUILDING A FOUNDATION FOR LINEAR INFRASTRUCTURE SAFEGUARDS IN ASIA Training Manual. WWF International, 2021. https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/104/8u3hr43tw8_LISA_Project_Training_Manual.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=CHOGYEL |first1=KARMA |title=BUILDING A FOUNDATION FOR LINEAR INFRASTRUCTURE SAFEGUARDS IN ASIA Training Manual |publisher=WWF International |date=30 September 2021 |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/104/8u3hr43tw8_LISA_Project_Training_Manual.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{chogyel2021building, author = {CHOGYEL, KARMA}, title = {{BUILDING A FOUNDATION FOR LINEAR INFRASTRUCTURE SAFEGUARDS IN ASIA Training Manual}}, institution = {WWF International}, year = {2021}, month = sep, url = {https://www.worldwildlife.org/documents/104/8u3hr43tw8_LISA_Project_Training_Manual.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }