konglomerasi tanaman energi perusahaan negara pengembang biomassa Korporasi dengan Koneksi Politik Penangguk cuan transisi energi

The report argues that Indonesia's biomass co-firing program primarily benefits large conglomerates and politically connected elites rather than promoting a just energy transition. It highlights how companies affiliated with groups like Sinarmas, Korindo, and Medco dominate energy plantation forest (HTE) concessions, often through opaque ownership structures or 'shadow companies'. The document details instances of deforestation, land conflicts with indigenous peoples (notably in Papua and NTB), and the persistence of 'carbon debts' resulting from the conversion of natural forests to HTE. Furthermore, it notes that some biomass suppliers are also coal traders, and that the actual biomass used in PLTUs often consists of unregulated sawdust rather than the planned wood pellets, undermining the program's environmental claims.

• The biomass co-firing program is dominated by large, integrated conglomerates and politically connected actors who leverage their existing control over forestry and land to capture energy transition incentives.
• There is a significant gap between the land currently allocated for energy plantation forests (HTE) and the land required to meet the biomass needs of PT PLN's co-firing targets. While 188,772 hectares are allocated, Trend Asia estimates a need for 2.3 million to 3.9 million hectares.
• The development of HTE poses a high risk of deforestation and creates a 'carbon debt' where the CO2 released from clearing natural forests exceeds the absorption capacity of new plantations for years or decades.
• Large corporations often use opaque ownership structures or 'shadow companies' to hide beneficial ownership and avoid accountability for environmental damage or land conflicts.
• HTE projects have led to severe social conflicts and human rights issues, including the displacement of indigenous peoples and the destruction of traditional food sources in regions like Merauke, Papua, and West Nusa Tenggara.
• Field monitoring reveals that PLTUs are using unregulated sawdust from small-scale mills rather than the planned wood pellets, leading to a lack of transparency regarding the legality and origin of the biomass.
• Several conglomerates involved in the 'green' biomass transition maintain simultaneous interests in coal mining, creating a contradiction in their role in the energy transition.

APA

Indradi, Y., Hidayat, D., Oktaviani, A. R., Amali, Z., & Pramesthi, T. (2024). konglomerasi tanaman energi perusahaan negara pengembang biomassa Korporasi dengan Koneksi Politik Penangguk cuan transisi energi. Trend Asia. https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Penangguk-Cuan-Transisi-Energi-TA.pdf

Chicago

Indradi, Yuyun, Dody Hidayat, Amalya Reza Oktaviani, Zakki Amali, and Twina Pramesthi. konglomerasi tanaman energi perusahaan negara pengembang biomassa Korporasi dengan Koneksi Politik Penangguk cuan transisi energi. Trend Asia, 2024. https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Penangguk-Cuan-Transisi-Energi-TA.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Indradi |first1=Yuyun |last2=Hidayat |first2=Dody |last3=Oktaviani |first3=Amalya Reza |last4=Amali |first4=Zakki |last5=Pramesthi |first5=Twina |title=konglomerasi tanaman energi perusahaan negara pengembang biomassa Korporasi dengan Koneksi Politik Penangguk cuan transisi energi |publisher=Trend Asia |date=June 2024 |url=https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Penangguk-Cuan-Transisi-Energi-TA.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{indradi2024konglomerasi, author = {Indradi, Yuyun and Hidayat, Dody and Oktaviani, Amalya Reza and Amali, Zakki and Pramesthi, Twina}, title = {{konglomerasi tanaman energi perusahaan negara pengembang biomassa Korporasi dengan Koneksi Politik Penangguk cuan transisi energi}}, institution = {Trend Asia}, year = {2024}, month = jun, url = {https://trendasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Penangguk-Cuan-Transisi-Energi-TA.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }