Análisis del modelo de Cooperación para la Transición Energética Justa (JET-P)

The document analyzes the JET-P model as a mechanism to catalyze international and private investment for Colombia's energy transition. It highlights a significant funding gap, noting that public investment currently represents only 0.01% of required resources. By reviewing JET-P experiences in South Africa, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Senegal, the report identifies risks such as increased public debt and the need for transparent, community-led project design. It proposes prioritizing projects like energy communities and the phase-out of coal plants, while warning against financing fossil fuel infrastructure or inefficient consumption subsidies.

• Colombia faces a massive financing gap for its just energy transition, with estimates for required investment varying widely. The CONPES 4075 indicates a need for 283 trillion pesos by 2030, while other estimates for the 2022-2050 period range from 588 trillion pesos (IEA) to 2,394 trillion pesos (CAMPETROL). Currently, public investment is estimated to cover only 0.01% of these needs.
• The JET-P model is a voluntary, government-led cooperation mechanism designed to coordinate international public financing, private investment, and philanthropic funds to achieve common climate goals, particularly for middle-income countries heavily dependent on fossil fuel extraction.
• Analysis of JET-P implementations in South Africa, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Senegal reveals a systemic reliance on loans rather than grants, which risks increasing the public debt of recipient nations. In Latin America, approximately 88% of climate financing has been provided as loans, with only 12% as grants.
• International experiences suggest that investment plans should be established before requesting resources to avoid funding gaps. For example, South Africa's initial mobilization promise of $8.5 billion was far exceeded by its total estimated need of $98 billion.
• Colombia has identified six strategic 'accelerator' projects for its transition: the Caribbean Solar Burst, Energy Communities, the progressive retirement of state-owned coal plants, Green H2 + Power-to-X, electric mobility, and JET Life Corridors in coal regions.
• The 'Energy Communities' initiative aims to democratize energy by promoting self-generation and allowing communities to sell surplus energy to others or the National Interconnected System, specifically targeting areas currently lacking electricity access.
• Colombia is committed to eliminating coal from its electricity generation matrix by 2035. A key example is the TermoGuajira plant in Dibulla, which is planned to be converted into a decarbonized facility using solar panels and battery storage.
• To ensure a truly 'just' transition, the report argues that financing must prioritize energy poverty, productive development (reindustrialization), and the resolution of labor, environmental, and financial liabilities.
• The document explicitly recommends excluding certain types of projects from JET-P financing: new fossil fuel infrastructure (such as gas), projects without measurable climate impact, and inefficient energy consumption subsidies.
• Successful implementation of a financing platform in Colombia requires overcoming technical gaps in project structuring at national and subnational levels and ensuring the active participation of civil society to maintain transparency and prevent the politicization of resources.

APA

Pabón, G., Fava, G., Guzmán, A., Pinzón, Á., & Castro, K. (2024). Análisis del modelo de Cooperación para la Transición Energética Justa (JET-P). Transforma. https://transforma.global/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/PB-JET-P.pdf

Chicago

Pabón, Giovanni, Gian Fava, Alexa Guzmán, Álvaro Pinzón, and Karem Castro. Análisis del modelo de Cooperación para la Transición Energética Justa (JET-P). Transforma, 2024. https://transforma.global/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/PB-JET-P.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Pabón |first1=Giovanni |last2=Fava |first2=Gian |last3=Guzmán |first3=Alexa |last4=Pinzón |first4=Álvaro |last5=Castro |first5=Karem |title=Análisis del modelo de Cooperación para la Transición Energética Justa (JET-P) |publisher=Transforma |date=June 2024 |url=https://transforma.global/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/PB-JET-P.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{pabn2024anlisis, author = {Pabón, Giovanni and Fava, Gian and Guzmán, Alexa and Pinzón, Álvaro and Castro, Karem}, title = {{Análisis del modelo de Cooperación para la Transición Energética Justa (JET-P)}}, institution = {Transforma}, year = {2024}, month = jun, url = {https://transforma.global/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/PB-JET-P.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }