Kohalike omavalitsuste tuule- ja päikeseenergia käsiraamat

The document serves as a comprehensive manual for navigating the technical, legal, and administrative processes of deploying wind and solar energy in Estonia. It covers everything from initial site selection and environmental impact assessments to detailed planning, building permits, and grid connection. It emphasizes the role of local governments in implementing national energy goals and provides specific guidance on mitigating environmental impacts and ensuring community benefit.

• Estonia's national energy and climate plan aims for renewable energy to account for at least 42% of total final energy consumption by 2030, with a target of 16 TWh of renewable energy production.
• The development process for wind and solar projects is complex and can take anywhere from 3-4 months to several years, depending on the project's scale and the need for environmental assessments.
• Site selection for wind and solar parks prioritizes wasteland, such as former quarries and abandoned industrial areas, while avoiding high-value landscapes, important views, and valuable agricultural land.
• Grid connection costs are borne entirely by the producer, and the distance to a connection point is ideally within 400 meters to avoid significant additional costs.
• Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is mandatory for wind farms built in water bodies and for high-voltage power lines with a voltage of at least 220 kV and a length exceeding 15 km.
• For onshore wind farms with more than five turbines and a total capacity exceeding 7.5 MW, a preliminary assessment of the need for an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is required.
• Offshore wind farms in Estonia are specifically suited for gravity-based foundations due to icing and drift ice conditions in Estonian waters.
• Solar panel productivity in Estonia is highest when panels are oriented south with an angle of approximately 35–45° relative to the ground.
• Local governments are responsible for implementing national plans through general and detailed planning, issuing building and usage permits, and acting as coordinators for community engagement.
• Community benefit models in Estonia, though not legally regulated, often include financial compensation via non-profit organizations, ownership shares, or contributions to local infrastructure.

APA

Rehema, M., Nõges, K., Kirsimaa, K., & Suik, K. (n.d.). Kohalike omavalitsuste tuule- ja päikeseenergia käsiraamat. Stockholm Environment Institute. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/kov-tuule-ja-paikeseenergia-kasiraamat.pdf

Chicago

Rehema, Merlin, Kristel Nõges, Kerli Kirsimaa, and Karina Suik. Kohalike omavalitsuste tuule- ja päikeseenergia käsiraamat. Stockholm Environment Institute, n.d. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/kov-tuule-ja-paikeseenergia-kasiraamat.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Rehema |first1=Merlin |last2=Nõges |first2=Kristel |last3=Kirsimaa |first3=Kerli |last4=Suik |first4=Karina |title=Kohalike omavalitsuste tuule- ja päikeseenergia käsiraamat |publisher=Stockholm Environment Institute |url=https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/kov-tuule-ja-paikeseenergia-kasiraamat.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{rehemandkohalike, author = {Rehema, Merlin and Nõges, Kristel and Kirsimaa, Kerli and Suik, Karina}, title = {{Kohalike omavalitsuste tuule- ja päikeseenergia käsiraamat}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, url = {https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/kov-tuule-ja-paikeseenergia-kasiraamat.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }