Ghana Updated Nationally Determined Contribution under the Paris Agreement (2020 - 2030)

Ghana's updated NDC (2020-2030) aims to reduce absolute greenhouse gas emissions by 64 MtCO2e and benefit nearly 38 million people. The plan consists of 13 adaptation and 34 mitigation measures, requiring an estimated investment of US$ 9.3 to US$ 15.5 billion. The strategy emphasizes sustainable energy transition, landscape restoration, and social inclusion, with a specific focus on reducing short-lived climate pollutants to improve public health.

• Ghana aims to achieve absolute greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions of 64 MtCO2e by 2030. This target is split between nine unconditional mitigation measures, expected to reduce emissions by 24.6 MtCO2e by 2030, and 25 conditional measures that could achieve an additional 39.4 MtCO2e provided international and private financial support is available.
• The implementation of the 47 climate actions is projected to create over one million green jobs, benefit approximately 38 million people (primarily women and youth), and prevent at least 2,900 premature deaths annually through improved air quality by 2030.
• The total investment required to implement the NDC measures from 2020 to 2030 is estimated between US$ 9.3 billion and US$ 15.5 billion. Of this, US$ 3.9 billion is needed for 16 unconditional programmes, while US$ 5.4 billion for 31 conditional programmes must be mobilised from public, international, and private sources, including carbon markets.
• Ghana's mitigation strategy specifically targets short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) and air pollutants to gain health co-benefits. By 2030, the full implementation of the NDC is estimated to reduce national emissions of PM2.5 by 36%, black carbon (BC) by 31%, organic carbon (OC) by 39%, and carbon monoxide (CO) by 30% compared to a baseline scenario.
• The NDC covers 88% of the economy's GHG sources and removals, focusing on the Energy, Waste, Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU), and Land use land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) sectors. Agriculture and certain extractive and manufacturing industries are excluded due to food system vulnerabilities, livelihood dependencies, and data management challenges.
• Ghana intends to utilize voluntary cooperation under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement to achieve up to 55% of its conditional absolute emission reductions, which equates to approximately 24 million tonnes of reductions.

APA

Stockholm Environment Institute (2021). Ghana Updated Nationally Determined Contribution under the Paris Agreement (2020 - 2030). https://leap.sei.org/pubattachments/5209.pdf

Chicago

Stockholm Environment Institute. Ghana Updated Nationally Determined Contribution under the Paris Agreement (2020 - 2030). 2021. https://leap.sei.org/pubattachments/5209.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Stockholm Environment Institute |title=Ghana Updated Nationally Determined Contribution under the Paris Agreement (2020 - 2030) |date=September 2021 |url=https://leap.sei.org/pubattachments/5209.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{stockholmenvironmentinstitute2021ghana, author = {{Stockholm Environment Institute}}, title = {{Ghana Updated Nationally Determined Contribution under the Paris Agreement (2020 - 2030)}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2021}, month = sep, url = {https://leap.sei.org/pubattachments/5209.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }