EU Climate Change Risk

This research paper examines the potential for cross-border climate change impacts to affect the European Union through trade, human security, and finance, identifying specific regional 'hotspots' of risk despite overall uncertainty in the current research.

• The European Union is potentially exposed to cross-border climate change impacts due to its high connectivity with other global regions. The authors analyzed transmission pathways across three specific domains: trade via international markets, human security (including migration and humanitarian/development concerns), and finance regarding public and private capital flows.
• Current research on cross-border impact dynamics is in a nascent stage and characterized by uncertainty, making it impossible to accurately determine if the EU is more secure or vulnerable than other regions. However, risk is expected to concentrate in 'hotspots', specifically regions that provide materials for EU consumption, hold financial investments, or are centers for EU external action.
• The interaction between trade, human security, and finance domains creates complex impact and response pathways, as illustrated by a conceptual example of a historical drought affecting soybean production in Argentina. This complexity increases the difficulty of creating effective policy responses for an uncertain future.

APA

Stockholm Environment Institute (2021). EU Climate Change Risk. https://www.sei.org/publications/eu-climate-change-risk/

Chicago

Stockholm Environment Institute. EU Climate Change Risk. 2021. https://www.sei.org/publications/eu-climate-change-risk/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Stockholm Environment Institute |title=EU Climate Change Risk |date=23 November 2021 |url=https://www.sei.org/publications/eu-climate-change-risk/ |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{stockholmenvironmentinstitute2021climate, author = {{Stockholm Environment Institute}}, title = {{EU Climate Change Risk}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2021}, month = nov, url = {https://www.sei.org/publications/eu-climate-change-risk/}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }