Macroeconomic Resilience: The Cases of Senegal and Mali

The document analyzes the economic resilience of Senegal and Mali from 2000 to 2022, noting that Mali has faced more domestic shocks due to climate and security vulnerabilities. While both countries used expansionary fiscal and monetary policies to mitigate crises, they remain dependent on debt. The authors recommend counter-cyclical policies, structural diversification of trade and industry, investment in human capital, and improved governance to build future resilience.

• Mali has experienced a higher frequency of internal shocks compared to Senegal, primarily driven by its susceptibility to security issues and climatic factors.
• Both Senegal and Mali have consistently relied on debt to finance their crisis responses, resulting in a structural budget deficit and a cycle of increasing indebtedness despite debt relief initiatives like HIPC and DSSI.
• Senegal demonstrated greater resilience in domestic resource mobilization, maintaining steady non-grant revenue, whereas Mali's tax and non-tax revenues dropped significantly during the 2006 pastoral and food crisis, the 2013 food and political crisis, and the 2018 security crisis.
• The Central Bank of West African States implemented expansionary monetary policies during various crises to support economic activity, but shifted to restrictive policies during food crises and the Ukrainian crisis to combat inflation.
• Both countries suffer from low investment in research and development, with spending representing less than 1% of GDP (0.58% for Senegal in 2015 and 0.18% for Mali in 2021).
• Senegal's effort to achieve universal health coverage by 2017 fell short of its target, reaching a coverage rate of 48.31% against a goal of 76%.

APA

Ndiaye, D., & Diallo, D. (n.d.). Macroeconomic Resilience: The Cases of Senegal and Mali. South African Institute of International Affairs. https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/SAIIA_CoMPRA_PI_28_MacroeconResilienceMaliSenegal.pdf

Chicago

Ndiaye, Daouda, and Djibril Diallo. Macroeconomic Resilience: The Cases of Senegal and Mali. South African Institute of International Affairs, n.d. https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/SAIIA_CoMPRA_PI_28_MacroeconResilienceMaliSenegal.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Ndiaye |first1=Daouda |last2=Diallo |first2=Djibril |title=Macroeconomic Resilience: The Cases of Senegal and Mali |publisher=South African Institute of International Affairs |url=https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/SAIIA_CoMPRA_PI_28_MacroeconResilienceMaliSenegal.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{ndiayendmacroeconomic, author = {Ndiaye, Daouda and Diallo, Djibril}, title = {{Macroeconomic Resilience: The Cases of Senegal and Mali}}, institution = {South African Institute of International Affairs}, url = {https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/SAIIA_CoMPRA_PI_28_MacroeconResilienceMaliSenegal.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }