Listening to Peace Dimensions and Variations in the Implementation of the Final Peace Agreement in Colombia

The report presents findings from two survey rounds (2019 and 2021) involving over 11,000 citizens in 72 PDET municipalities. While general satisfaction with the Agreement's implementation increased from 36% in 2019 to 48% in 2021, the report identifies a 'story of contrasts.' Residents generally value the Agreement's content and specific tools like reincorporation and crop substitution, but perceive actual implementation as insufficient and unequal across subregions. Security conditions are viewed as deteriorating, and trust in ex-combatants remains very low, hindering reconciliation. The report emphasizes that tangible improvements in security, public works, and reparations are the primary drivers of satisfaction and trust in state institutions.

• General satisfaction with the implementation of the Peace Agreement rose from 36% in 2019 to 48% in 2021, though this trend was negative in the Catatumbo, Pacific Nariño, Middle Pacific, and Upper Patía-North Cauca subregions.
• Perceptions of security have worsened, with the percentage of people reporting a deterioration in their community's security over the last 12 months increasing from 35% in 2019 to 43% in 2021.
• While 92% of respondents agree with reincorporation processes and 76% support state benefits for ex-combatants, deep mistrust persists, with 87% stating they do not trust FARC ex-combatants.
• There is strong support for the clarification of truth (68%) and the principle that victims must be redressed (89%), but only 26% believe the implementation of justice and reparation measures is satisfactory.
• The PDET is viewed with hope, with 59% believing it will transform their territory, yet the perceived arrival of public works decreased from 35% in 2019 to 27% in 2021.
• Crop substitution is widely supported (85%) and forced eradication is largely rejected (77%), but less than 20% of respondents believe substitution programs are on the right track.
• Economic conditions in PDET regions deteriorated significantly due to COVID-19, with the percentage of people reporting a worsening economic situation doubling from 31.4% in 2019 to 63% in 2021.
• There is a strong preference for a negotiated solution to the conflict with the ELN, with 86% of respondents favoring this approach, particularly in Arauca (96.4%), Chocó (95.7%), and Catatumbo (92.8%).
• Public investment priorities for PDET residents are centered on health (51.9%), education (29.5%), and roads (14.1%).
• Trust in state institutions remains low, with less than half of respondents trusting the President (23.4%), Congress (12.2%), or state institutions generally (29.5%), while the Catholic Church (61%) and the UN (over 40%) enjoy higher trust.

APA

Peace Research Institute Oslo (n.d.). Listening to Peace Dimensions and Variations in the Implementation of the Final Peace Agreement in Colombia. https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/1c5b5e62-90f7-4568-aee4-f7332983c447/Listening to Peace Dimensions and Variations in the Implementation of the Final Peace Agreement in Colombia.pdf?inline=true

Chicago

Peace Research Institute Oslo. Listening to Peace Dimensions and Variations in the Implementation of the Final Peace Agreement in Colombia. n.d. https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/1c5b5e62-90f7-4568-aee4-f7332983c447/Listening to Peace Dimensions and Variations in the Implementation of the Final Peace Agreement in Colombia.pdf?inline=true.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Peace Research Institute Oslo |title=Listening to Peace Dimensions and Variations in the Implementation of the Final Peace Agreement in Colombia |url=https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/1c5b5e62-90f7-4568-aee4-f7332983c447/Listening to Peace Dimensions and Variations in the Implementation of the Final Peace Agreement in Colombia.pdf?inline=true |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{peaceresearchinstituteoslondlistening, author = {{Peace Research Institute Oslo}}, title = {{Listening to Peace Dimensions and Variations in the Implementation of the Final Peace Agreement in Colombia}}, institution = {Peace Research Institute Oslo}, url = {https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/1c5b5e62-90f7-4568-aee4-f7332983c447/Listening to Peace Dimensions and Variations in the Implementation of the Final Peace Agreement in Colombia.pdf?inline=true}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }