The Net-Zero Energy Transition Policy Case Studies

This report by the International Network of Energy Transition Think Tanks (INETTT) provides case studies on the status of climate and energy policies across twelve countries. It examines the gap between national commitments (NDCs) and actual implementation, highlighting the role of independent think tanks in driving decarbonization through research, stakeholder dialogue, and policy advocacy in major and emerging economies.

• The International Network of Energy Transition Think Tanks (INETTT) consists of twelve organizations across Brazil, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, South Africa, South Korea, Vietnam, and Turkey, focusing on accelerating the energy transition in major and emerging economies.
• In South Africa, the energy sector is responsible for approximately 80% of total greenhouse gas emissions, with 50% coming from liquid fuel production and electricity generation.
• South Africa's Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) 2019 aims to decommission 35 GW of Eskom's 42 GW of aging coal-fired power capacity by 2050, with 10.5 GW to be decommissioned by 2030.
• Indonesia's updated NDC aims for a GHG emission reduction of 29% unconditionally and 41% conditionally by 2030 relative to a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, though the energy sector mitigation target leaves approximately 1,200 MtCO2e of unabated emissions.
• Japan has updated its NDC to target a 46% emission reduction by 2030 relative to 2013 levels and aims for carbon neutrality by 2050.
• The Republic of Korea targets a 20% renewable energy generation share by 2030 and 30–35% by 2040, while aiming for carbon neutrality by 2050.
• Pakistan's revised NDC commits to a 50% reduction of projected 2030 GHG emissions under a BAU scenario, with 35% of this target contingent on international climate finance.
• The Philippines has committed to a 75% GHG emissions reduction by 2030 relative to 2020, with 72.5% of this target being conditional on international support.
• Vietnam's updated NDC commits to an unconditional emission reduction of 9% and a conditional reduction of up to 27% relative to a 2030 BAU scenario.
• The European Union's joint NDC commits the bloc to a binding GHG reduction target of at least 55% compared to 1990 and net-zero emissions by 2050.
• Germany aims for climate neutrality by 2045, with a target of 65% GHG reduction by 2030 relative to 1990.
• Poland's Energy Policy by 2040 (PEP2040) targets a 30% GHG reduction relative to 1990 and a renewable energy share of at least 23% in gross final energy consumption by 2030.
• Turkey ratified the Paris Agreement on October 11, 2021, and announced a net-zero target for 2053.
• Brazil's updated NDC targets a 37% reduction in net GHG emissions by 2025 and 43% by 2030 relative to 2005 levels, with a goal of climate neutrality by 2050.
• Mexico's updated 2020 NDC maintains an unconditional goal of reducing 2030 GHG emissions by 22% and a conditional goal of 36% relative to a 2013 BAU scenario.

APA

David, A. M., Chacón, D., Arinaldo, D., Matsumura, E., Tumiwa, F., Aksoy, H., Radmore, J., Scott, J., Maćkowiak-Pandera, J., Hermanus, L., Wojtal, L., Sierra, L., Wojciechowska, K., Ohbayashi, M., Mulcahy, M., Naeem, M. H., Saleh, N., Nhien, N. T. T., Patil, P., ... Nishida, Y. (2021). The Net-Zero Energy Transition Policy Case Studies. Public Affairs Research Institute. https://pari.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/publication_INETTT_COP26mod.pdf

Chicago

David, Angelika Marie, Daniel Chacón, Deon Arinaldo, Emilio Matsumura, Fabby Tumiwa, Hasan Aksoy, Jack Radmore, et al. The Net-Zero Energy Transition Policy Case Studies. Public Affairs Research Institute, 2021. https://pari.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/publication_INETTT_COP26mod.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=David |first1=Angelika Marie |last2=Chacón |first2=Daniel |last3=Arinaldo |first3=Deon |last4=Matsumura |first4=Emilio |last5=Tumiwa |first5=Fabby |last6=Aksoy |first6=Hasan |last7=Radmore |first7=Jack |last8=Scott |first8=Jesse |last9=Maćkowiak-Pandera |first9=Joanna |display-authors=etal |title=The Net-Zero Energy Transition Policy Case Studies |publisher=Public Affairs Research Institute |date=2021 |url=https://pari.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/publication_INETTT_COP26mod.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{david2021netzero, author = {David, Angelika Marie and Chacón, Daniel and Arinaldo, Deon and Matsumura, Emilio and Tumiwa, Fabby and Aksoy, Hasan and Radmore, Jack and Scott, Jesse and Maćkowiak-Pandera, Joanna and Hermanus, Lauren and Wojtal, Lidia and Sierra, Luisa and Wojciechowska, Klaudia and Ohbayashi, Mika and Mulcahy, Mike and Naeem, Muhammad Hamza and Saleh, Naila and Nhien, Ngo Thi To and Patil, Parag and Kwon, Pil Seok and Constantino, Renato Redentor and Kouroughli, Thomas and Ledger, Tracy and Franza, Vincenzo and Taranto, Yael and Nishida, Yuko}, title = {{The Net-Zero Energy Transition Policy Case Studies}}, institution = {Public Affairs Research Institute}, year = {2021}, url = {https://pari.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/publication_INETTT_COP26mod.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }