Ghana’s Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan for the Infrastructure Sector

The report identifies critical vulnerabilities in Ghana's infrastructure due to rising temperatures, variable rainfall, and sea-level rise. It proposes a comprehensive set of technical and policy adaptations across the water, energy, and transport sectors, emphasizing inter-ministerial collaboration, gender-responsive planning, and the need for sustainable domestic and international financing.

• Ghana's infrastructure is already suffering from climate impacts, including the washout of roads and transmission lines during floods, the compromise of hydropower due to drought, and the loss of coastal ports and roads to sea erosion and storm surges.
• Climate projections for Ghana indicate a general increase in temperatures across all agro-ecological zones and a trend toward more variable rainfall, with total annual rainfall projected to decline by 20.5% by 2080.
• Sea-level rise is projected to reach 34.5 cm by 2080 relative to the 1999 mean, threatening the 30-metre contour of the coastal zone where over 25% of the population resides.
• The energy sector is highly vulnerable due to its heavy reliance on hydropower, with the Akosombo, Bui, and Kpong dams providing 41% of available electric capacity; these are threatened by decreased water availability and reservoir sedimentation.
• Climate change is expected to significantly increase road maintenance costs in Ghana, with an estimated annual expenditure of USD 473 million between 2020 and 2100 to repair damages.
• The water sector faces acute risks from both flooding and scarcity, with projections suggesting that by 2020, all river basins in Ghana will be vulnerable and the country will face acute water shortages.
• The strategy advocates for a gender-responsive approach, noting that women, the elderly, and the disabled are more vulnerable to climate threats due to limited control over productive assets.
• Effective implementation requires a 'nexus approach' to ensure that adaptation measures in the water, energy, or transport sectors do not inadvertently increase vulnerability in the other two.
• Funding for adaptation in Ghana has been primarily donor-driven, and the report calls for increased national budgetary allocations and the use of public-private partnerships to secure sustainable financing.

APA

NAP Global Network (2020). Ghana’s Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan for the Infrastructure Sector. https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/napgn-en-2020-Ghana’s-Adaptation-Strategy-and-Action-Plan-for-the-Infrastructure-Sector.pdf

Chicago

NAP Global Network. Ghana’s Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan for the Infrastructure Sector. 2020. https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/napgn-en-2020-Ghana’s-Adaptation-Strategy-and-Action-Plan-for-the-Infrastructure-Sector.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=NAP Global Network |title=Ghana’s Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan for the Infrastructure Sector |date=May 2020 |url=https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/napgn-en-2020-Ghana’s-Adaptation-Strategy-and-Action-Plan-for-the-Infrastructure-Sector.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{napglobalnetwork2020ghanas, author = {{NAP Global Network}}, title = {{Ghana’s Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan for the Infrastructure Sector}}, institution = {NAP Global Network}, year = {2020}, month = may, url = {https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/napgn-en-2020-Ghana’s-Adaptation-Strategy-and-Action-Plan-for-the-Infrastructure-Sector.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }