Refreshing Africa's future: prospects for achieving universal WASH access by 2030

The research paper evaluates Africa's progress toward Sustainable Development Goal 6 (universal WASH access by 2030). Using the International Futures forecasting system, it concludes that the continent is not on track to meet this target. To address this gap, the paper analyzes two scenarios: an aggressive push toward universal access and a moderate approach based on 2015 baselines.

• Africa is currently not on track to achieve universal access to water, sanitation and hygiene by the 2030 deadline set by Sustainable Development Goal 6.

APA

Markle, A., & Donnenfeld, Z. (n.d.). Refreshing Africa's future: prospects for achieving universal WASH access by 2030. Institute for Security Studies. https://issafrica.org/research/papers/refreshing-africas-future-prospects-for-achieving-universal-wash-access-by-2030

Chicago

Markle, Alanna, and Zachary Donnenfeld. Refreshing Africa's future: prospects for achieving universal WASH access by 2030. Institute for Security Studies, n.d. https://issafrica.org/research/papers/refreshing-africas-future-prospects-for-achieving-universal-wash-access-by-2030.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Markle |first1=Alanna |last2=Donnenfeld |first2=Zachary |title=Refreshing Africa's future: prospects for achieving universal WASH access by 2030 |publisher=Institute for Security Studies |url=https://issafrica.org/research/papers/refreshing-africas-future-prospects-for-achieving-universal-wash-access-by-2030 |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{marklendrefreshing, author = {Markle, Alanna and Donnenfeld, Zachary}, title = {{Refreshing Africa's future: prospects for achieving universal WASH access by 2030}}, institution = {Institute for Security Studies}, url = {https://issafrica.org/research/papers/refreshing-africas-future-prospects-for-achieving-universal-wash-access-by-2030}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }