La Santé dans le Programme Environnemental Mondial : Un guide des politiques

The document argues that while nearly 25% of global deaths are linked to economic decisions affecting the environment, the health community remains largely invisible in global environmental policy negotiations. It analyzes four primary domains—biodiversity, climate change, pollution, and food systems—and examines how health expertise can be integrated into the legal frameworks and decision-making processes of the CBD, UNFCCC, CITES, and other international bodies. The guide emphasizes the need for a 'multisectoral governance of health' and the adoption of holistic frameworks like Planetary Health and One Health to address the 'triple planetary crisis' of biodiversity loss, climate change, and pollution.

• A significant gap exists between the presence of health actors at global climate events and the formal adoption of their priorities in negotiations; for example, at COP26, only 12% of Parties sent health ministers to the deliberations.
• The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is moving toward a more integrated health approach through the proposed Global Biodiversity and Health Action Plan, though the document notes a lack of specific references to children's health and the link between biodiversity and nutrition.
• The trade of wild species is a major vector for zoonotic diseases, with up to 75% of new and emerging infectious diseases originating from wildlife, yet CITES has historically viewed zoonoses as outside its mandate.
• Chemical pollution is described as a 'silent pandemic,' with over 800 chemicals identified as endocrine disruptors, and an estimated 12 million deaths annually attributed to combined air and water pollution.
• Global food systems are characterized by a lack of nutritional diversity, where just three crops (rice, maize, and wheat) provide 60% of the world's dietary energy intake, contributing to widespread malnutrition.
• The World Health Organization (WHO) and other bodies emphasize that 30% to 55% of health outcomes are determined by non-health factors, highlighting the necessity of multisectoral governance.
• There is a critical lack of national capacity in the health sector regarding climate change; for instance, only seven countries reported that their health ministries received training on health within UNFCCC negotiations.
• The pharmaceutical sector contributes significantly to environmental pollution, with 771 active pharmaceutical ingredients reported in water and waste streams across 75 countries, yet these are largely excluded from chemical conventions.
• The recognition of the human right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment by the UN Human Rights Council in October 2021 is viewed as a pivotal moment for integrating health and environmental governance.
• Mental health is historically marginalized in biodiversity policies, despite evidence that nature interactions improve mental health and that environmental degradation can cause anxiety and a sense of 'homelessness'.

APA

International Institute for Sustainable Development (2022). La Santé dans le Programme Environnemental Mondial : Un guide des politiques. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-02/health-environment-nexus-fr.pdf

Chicago

International Institute for Sustainable Development. La Santé dans le Programme Environnemental Mondial : Un guide des politiques. 2022. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-02/health-environment-nexus-fr.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=International Institute for Sustainable Development |title=La Santé dans le Programme Environnemental Mondial : Un guide des politiques |date=January 2022 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-02/health-environment-nexus-fr.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{internationalinstituteforsustainabledevelopment2022sant, author = {{International Institute for Sustainable Development}}, title = {{La Santé dans le Programme Environnemental Mondial : Un guide des politiques}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2022}, month = jan, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-02/health-environment-nexus-fr.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }