FROM BALI TO MARRAKECH: A DECADE OF INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE NEGOTIATIONS

The report reviews global environmental governance in 2019, highlighting progress in plastic waste regulation and scientific reporting, while noting failures in climate ambition and biodiversity negotiations. It emphasizes the growing need for integrated governance and forecasts 2020 as a critical year for the Paris Agreement and the post-2020 biodiversity framework.

• The year 2019 saw significant multilateral progress in managing plastic waste, specifically through the Basel Convention, which added mixed, non-recyclable, and contaminated plastic waste to the Prior Informed Consent (PIC) procedure to increase transparency and empower developing countries.
• Major international scientific bodies produced critical reports in 2019, including the IPBES global assessment warning that one million species are threatened with extinction and various IPCC reports on land, oceans, and the cryosphere, though political responses have largely failed to match the scale of these warnings.
• Climate governance faced a difficult year in 2019, characterized by a lack of clear calls for ambition at COP25 in Madrid and a failure to agree on the market mechanism rules under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement.
• There is a growing recognition of the need for interconnected governance, with increasing links established between biodiversity, climate change, oceans, and human health, though institutional 'bureaucratic silos' between bodies like the IPCC and IPBES persist.
• The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are serving as a coordination framework for emerging issues without a dedicated institutional home, such as antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and groundwater management.
• Biodiversity governance experienced setbacks in 2019, including the failure of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) to improve its multilateral system of access and benefit-sharing due to disagreements over digital sequence information (DSI).
• The UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) made progress by including land tenure as a thematic issue and establishing an intergovernmental working group to address drought policies.
• The report forecasts 2020 as a 'Super Year' for biodiversity, with the expectation that COP15 in Kunming, China, will adopt a new global framework to guide action through 2050.
• The Paris Agreement is expected to become the central climate treaty in 2020, replacing the Kyoto Protocol, with a critical test being the submission of new or updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

APA

Allan, J. I., Antonich, B., Bansard, J., Bhandary, R., Chasek, P., Jones, N., Leone, F., Jungcurt, S., Paul, D., Tsioumani, A., & Tsioumani, E. (2019). FROM BALI TO MARRAKECH: A DECADE OF INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE NEGOTIATIONS. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/environmental-governance-2019-fr.pdf

Chicago

Allan, Jen Iris, Beate Antonich, Jennifer Bansard, Rishi Bhandary, Pamela Chasek, Natalie Jones, Faye Leone, et al. FROM BALI TO MARRAKECH: A DECADE OF INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE NEGOTIATIONS. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2019. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/environmental-governance-2019-fr.pdf.

Wikipedia

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BibTeX

@techreport{allan2019from, author = {Allan, Jen Iris and Antonich, Beate and Bansard, Jennifer and Bhandary, Rishi and Chasek, Pamela and Jones, Natalie and Leone, Faye and Jungcurt, Stefan and Paul, Delia and Tsioumani, Asterios and Tsioumani, Elsa}, title = {{FROM BALI TO MARRAKECH: A DECADE OF INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE NEGOTIATIONS}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2019}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/environmental-governance-2019-fr.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }