Country Diagnostic Report: ETHIOPIA

The report assesses Ethiopia's progress toward healthy and sustainable food systems, highlighting a projected decrease in extreme poverty and undernourishment by 2030 alongside a significant increase in livestock-driven GHG emissions. It examines the country's vulnerability to drought, the role of climate-smart agriculture in improving dietary diversity, and the influence of Official Development Assistance (ODA), with the United States as the primary donor. The document also details the development of national dietary guidelines and analyzes household consumption patterns, noting that wealthier households have higher dietary diversity and meat consumption.

• Projections for 2030 indicate a significant reduction in both extreme poverty and undernourishment, with the prevalence of extreme poverty expected to fall to 18% (or 17.5% in the baseline table) and undernourishment to 8.5%.
• Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the livestock sector are projected to grow by 5.8% annually through 2030, a rate substantially higher than the global average of 0.2% and the Sub-Saharan African average of 1.2%.
• Ethiopia is highly susceptible to drought, which severely impacts agricultural productivity and exacerbates food insecurity and malnutrition because approximately 98% of cultivated land relies on rain-fed production.
• The adoption of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) and related technologies is linked to improved nutritional outcomes, specifically by increasing dietary diversity and the availability of calories and proteins.
• Dietary patterns vary significantly by income level; the poorest households spend 43.8% of their food budget on cereals, while the wealthiest spend 21.5% on meat and fish (including dairy), nearly double the share of the lowest quintile (12.9%).
• Official Development Assistance (ODA) plays a major role in the food system, with an annual average disbursement of USD 1.4 billion between 2014 and 2018, of which the United States provided 36%.
• Ethiopia is currently developing food-based dietary guidelines through the Ethiopian Public Health Institute, though it already employs indirect nutrition policies such as a 40% ad valorem tax on sugary beverages.

APA

Bizikova, L., De Brauw, A., Rose, M. E., Laborde, D., Motsumi, K., Murphy, M., Parent, M., Picard, F., & Smaller, C. (2022). Country Diagnostic Report: ETHIOPIA. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-05/country-diagnostic-ethiopia-food-systems-climate-change-diets.pdf

Chicago

Bizikova, Livia, Alan De Brauw, Mali Eber Rose, David Laborde, Kulthoum Motsumi, Mike Murphy, Marie Parent, Francine Picard, and Carin Smaller. Country Diagnostic Report: ETHIOPIA. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2022. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-05/country-diagnostic-ethiopia-food-systems-climate-change-diets.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Bizikova |first1=Livia |last2=De Brauw |first2=Alan |last3=Rose |first3=Mali Eber |last4=Laborde |first4=David |last5=Motsumi |first5=Kulthoum |last6=Murphy |first6=Mike |last7=Parent |first7=Marie |last8=Picard |first8=Francine |last9=Smaller |first9=Carin |title=Country Diagnostic Report: ETHIOPIA |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=May 2022 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-05/country-diagnostic-ethiopia-food-systems-climate-change-diets.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{bizikova2022country, author = {Bizikova, Livia and De Brauw, Alan and Rose, Mali Eber and Laborde, David and Motsumi, Kulthoum and Murphy, Mike and Parent, Marie and Picard, Francine and Smaller, Carin}, title = {{Country Diagnostic Report: ETHIOPIA}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2022}, month = may, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2022-05/country-diagnostic-ethiopia-food-systems-climate-change-diets.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }