G20 Scorecard of Fossil Fuel Funding

Turkey ranks last among G20 OECD member countries in fossil fuel funding, providing an average of USD 6.8 billion in total government support between 2017 and 2019. While state-owned enterprise investment in oil and gas production decreased by 33% compared to the 2014–2016 average, support for fossil fuel consumption increased by 11% through tax expenditures. The document highlights significant transparency gaps, noting that Turkey has not performed the G20 fossil fuel subsidy peer review and lacks data on public financing from government-owned banks.

• Turkey is ranked last among G20 OECD member countries for its support of coal production, providing USD 290 million annually per unit of GDP.
• Between 2017 and 2019, Turkey provided an average of USD 6.8 billion in total government support to fossil fuels, consisting of USD 4.5 billion in tax expenditure, USD 1.6 billion in state-owned enterprise (SOE) investment, and USD 644 million in direct transfers.
• While overall fossil fuel support dropped by 5% relative to the 2014–2016 average due to a 33% decrease in SOE investment in oil and gas, support for fossil fuel consumption rose by 11% primarily through tax expenditures.
• Turkey exhibits poor transparency, having failed to perform the G20 fossil fuel subsidy peer review and providing no data on public financing from export credit agencies or government-owned banks such as the Development Bank of Turkey and Turk Eximbank.
• In response to COVID-19, the Turkish government provided support to the oil sector by postponing licence liabilities and extending payment deadlines for shares to the state, while public banks issued nearly USD 3 billion in low-interest housing loans without energy-efficiency conditions.

APA

Picciariello, A. (2020). G20 Scorecard of Fossil Fuel Funding. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/g20-scorecard-turkey.pdf

Chicago

Picciariello, Angela. G20 Scorecard of Fossil Fuel Funding. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2020. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/g20-scorecard-turkey.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Picciariello |first1=Angela |title=G20 Scorecard of Fossil Fuel Funding |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=2020 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/g20-scorecard-turkey.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{picciariello2020g20, author = {Picciariello, Angela}, title = {{G20 Scorecard of Fossil Fuel Funding}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2020}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-11/g20-scorecard-turkey.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }