Coal Transition Impacts and the Approach to Inclusive Just Transition Policies in Indonesia

The report examines the impacts of coal phase-outs in East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, South Sumatra, Central Kalimantan, and Jambi, emphasizing the need for proactive investment in high-multiplier industries and green sectors to prevent economic shocks. It advocates for a combination of quantitative modelling and qualitative community research to design social protections and reskilling programs that specifically include women, youth, and informal workers.

• Provinces with high exposure to coal decline, specifically East Kalimantan and South Sumatra, can achieve economic renewal and job creation through targeted investments in green industries and food and beverage manufacturing.
• Jambi is characterized as a more diversified region that is already well-positioned to benefit from the transition opportunities.
• Evidence from East Kutai indicates that local communities are open to alternatives, provided there is inclusive planning, workforce reskilling, and strengthened social protection.
• To ensure a just transition, the report recommends combining quantitative economic models with qualitative, community-based methods such as focus groups, participatory mapping, and ethnography.
• The report proposes specific governance measures to embed inclusion, including the mandate of inter-ministerial coordination and the assignment of focal points for social inclusion and gender equality.

APA

Gass,, R. M. S. D. A. F. O. H. A. P. V. (2025). Coal Transition Impacts and the Approach to Inclusive Just Transition Policies in Indonesia. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/just-transition-coal-indonesia

Chicago

Gass,, Refina Muthia Sundari,Anisa Dwi Ariyani Firmansyah,Shanty Oktavilia,Siti Hilmiati Azyzia,Ryan Prayogi,Bathandwa Vazi,Philip. Coal Transition Impacts and the Approach to Inclusive Just Transition Policies in Indonesia. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2025. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/just-transition-coal-indonesia.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Gass, |first1=Refina Muthia Sundari,Anisa Dwi Ariyani Firmansyah,Shanty Oktavilia,Siti Hilmiati Azyzia,Ryan Prayogi,Bathandwa Vazi,Philip |title=Coal Transition Impacts and the Approach to Inclusive Just Transition Policies in Indonesia |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=1 December 2025 |url=https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/just-transition-coal-indonesia |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{gass2025coal, author = {Gass,, Refina Muthia Sundari,Anisa Dwi Ariyani Firmansyah,Shanty Oktavilia,Siti Hilmiati Azyzia,Ryan Prayogi,Bathandwa Vazi,Philip}, title = {{Coal Transition Impacts and the Approach to Inclusive Just Transition Policies in Indonesia}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2025}, month = dec, url = {https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/just-transition-coal-indonesia}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }