석탄의 경제 대전환

This document is a Korean translation of excerpts from the 'Boom Bust Coal 2023' report by Global Energy Monitor (GEM) and its partners. It analyzes global coal power trends in 2022, highlighting a divergence between a general global decline in coal expansion and a significant surge in China's coal capacity. The report also provides a detailed critique of South Korea's coal phase-out plans, financial risks associated with coal dependency, and the need for a 'just transition' for affected regions.

• While global coal phase-out remains possible, current progress is insufficient to meet Paris Agreement goals. Approximately one-third (580 GW) of operating global coal capacity has assigned closure dates, and most of the remaining 1,400 GW falls within carbon neutrality targets. However, to exit coal by 2040, an average of 117 GW must be closed annually, which is 4.5 times the amount closed in 2022.
• China is the primary driver of new coal capacity, creating a widening gap with the rest of the world. In 2022, China's proposed coal capacity increased by 38% (from 266 GW to 366 GW), while capacity proposed outside China decreased by 20% (from 214 GW to 172 GW). China now accounts for 68% of all proposed coal capacity globally.
• The G7 and G20 hold significant shares of global coal capacity. The G7 accounts for 15% (323 GW) of operating capacity, with only one proposed project in Japan. The G20 holds 93% (1,926 GW) of operating capacity and 88% (305 GW) of proposed capacity.
• South Korea's coal phase-out plan is deemed insufficient to meet its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of a 40% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to 2018. The 10th Basic Plan for Electricity Supply and Demand (2022-2036) plans to operate 41 coal plants (31.7 GW) by 2030, representing only a 19% decrease from the current 39.1 GW.
• Coal dependency is creating financial risks for South Korea, exemplified by the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO), which recorded a deficit of over 32.6 trillion KRW (25 billion USD) in 2022, with approximately 30% attributed to coal power. Additionally, there is a need for a 'just transition' in regions like Chungcheongnam-do, where 30 of Korea's 83 coal plants are located; the province's 10 billion KRW fund is considered insufficient, with the governor requesting a 1 trillion KRW fund from the central government.

APA

Global Energy Monitor (2023). 석탄의 경제 대전환. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Korean_11.pdf

Chicago

Global Energy Monitor. 석탄의 경제 대전환. 2023. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Korean_11.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Global Energy Monitor |title=석탄의 경제 대전환 |date=April 2023 |url=https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Korean_11.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{globalenergymonitor2023, author = {{Global Energy Monitor}}, title = {{석탄의 경제 대전환}}, institution = {Global Energy Monitor}, year = {2023}, month = apr, url = {https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Korean_11.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }