МОНГОЛ УЛС НОГООН ЭДИЙН ЗАСГИЙН БАРОМЕТР 2018

The 2018 Green Economy Barometer for Mongolia highlights a significant gap between the country's international commitments and domestic implementation. While Mongolia has adopted the Green Development Policy and the Sustainable Development Vision 2030, it ranked 79th out of 80 countries in the 2016 Global Green Economy Index. The report identifies severe environmental challenges, including air pollution in Ulaanbaatar, desertification affecting 77.8% of the territory, and water scarcity. Economically, the report argues that investing 4% of GDP annually into green development could reduce poverty to 10% and unemployment by 2% by 2030. Current green employment accounts for 9.9% of total jobs. Financial needs for energy efficiency, renewables, and pollution control are estimated at over 11 billion USD, though green financing remains limited.

• Investing 4% of GDP annually into green development until 2030 is projected to result in a poverty level of 10% (down from 21.6% in 2014), a 2% reduction in unemployment, and a 17.2% decrease in greenhouse gas emissions per unit of GDP.
• Mongolia's performance in the 2016 Global Green Economy Index was very low, ranking 79th out of 80 countries, reflecting a gap between policy promises and actual implementation.
• Severe environmental degradation is evident, with 77.8% of the country affected by desertification and Ulaanbaatar experiencing PM2.5 levels averaging 75, which exceeds WHO air quality standards.
• Green jobs accounted for 9.9% of total employment in Mongolia as of the second quarter of 2016, totaling 112.3 thousand positions, with the highest concentration in education (30.3%).
• The financial requirement for national projects in energy efficiency, renewable energy, construction, waste, and transport is estimated at 7 billion USD, with an additional 4.3 billion USD needed to combat air and soil pollution.
• Mongolia's renewable energy currently provides 7% of its total energy, with a target to increase this to 30% under the Sustainable Development Vision 2030.

APA

Green Economy Coalition (2018). МОНГОЛ УЛС НОГООН ЭДИЙН ЗАСГИЙН БАРОМЕТР 2018. https://www.greeneconomycoalition.org/assets/reports/Barometers-2018/Mongolia-Barometer-2018-MNG-Web-FINAL.pdf

Chicago

Green Economy Coalition. МОНГОЛ УЛС НОГООН ЭДИЙН ЗАСГИЙН БАРОМЕТР 2018. 2018. https://www.greeneconomycoalition.org/assets/reports/Barometers-2018/Mongolia-Barometer-2018-MNG-Web-FINAL.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Green Economy Coalition |title=МОНГОЛ УЛС НОГООН ЭДИЙН ЗАСГИЙН БАРОМЕТР 2018 |date=May 2018 |url=https://www.greeneconomycoalition.org/assets/reports/Barometers-2018/Mongolia-Barometer-2018-MNG-Web-FINAL.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{greeneconomycoalition20182018, author = {{Green Economy Coalition}}, title = {{МОНГОЛ УЛС НОГООН ЭДИЙН ЗАСГИЙН БАРОМЕТР 2018}}, institution = {Green Economy Coalition}, year = {2018}, month = may, url = {https://www.greeneconomycoalition.org/assets/reports/Barometers-2018/Mongolia-Barometer-2018-MNG-Web-FINAL.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }