Résumé analytique

The document defines carbon dioxide removal (CDR) as the physical extraction of CO2 from the atmosphere and its permanent storage. It argues that CDR must be a complement to, not a substitute for, aggressive emission reductions (over 90%). The guide evaluates six negative emissions technologies and practices (NETPs)—including Bio-CCS, DACCS, and biochar—while critiquing current EU policies for failing to distinguish between permanent removals and temporary biological sequestration. It advocates for a diversified portfolio of CDR methods, rigorous life-cycle accounting, and a governance framework based on the 'planetary boundaries' to avoid ecological trade-offs.

• Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is essential for achieving the 1.5 °C temperature goal and net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, but it must follow a mitigation hierarchy where emission reductions remain the priority to avoid undermining decarbonization efforts.
• A rigorous definition of CDR requires four criteria: physical extraction of CO2 from the atmosphere, permanent storage, full accounting of all associated GHG emissions, and a net result where stored CO2 exceeds total emissions generated by the process.
• The document argues for a strict separation between permanent carbon removal, temporary soil sequestration, and emission reductions to prevent 'mitigation deterrence' and false equivalencies in carbon accounting.
• Current EU legislation, including the European Climate Law and the Carbon Removal Certification Framework (CRCF), is criticized for lacking ambition and failing to establish distinct targets for different types of removals.
• The guide identifies significant risks and trade-offs associated with biomass-based CDR (Bio-CCS), including high energy/water requirements and potential conflicts with food security and biodiversity.
• Direct Air Carbon Capture and Storage (DACCS) is noted for its high permanence and ease of monitoring (MRV), but it is currently constrained by high costs and massive renewable energy requirements.
• Nature-based solutions like afforestation and reforestation provide high co-benefits for biodiversity but are highly vulnerable to 'reversal' (carbon leakage) due to pests, fires, and climate change.
• Enhanced Rock Weathering (TEW) and Biochar are presented as potentially cost-effective methods with high permanence, though they face challenges regarding standardized certification and the monitoring of dispersed storage.
• The document warns that voluntary carbon markets are inadequate for financing CDR because they prioritize low cost over quality and often ignore the difference in permanence between geological and biological sinks.
• CDR deployment should be governed by the 'Planetary Boundaries' framework to ensure that climate stabilization does not cause catastrophic failures in other Earth systems, such as freshwater use or biosphere integrity.

APA

Paul, A., Hernández, M. R., Aragonès, M. P., & Stoefs, W. (2024). Résumé analytique. Carbon Market Watch. https://carbonmarketwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/FR_Carbon-negative-handbook-November-2024.pdf

Chicago

Paul, Allanah, Marlène Ramón Hernández, Mark Preston Aragonès, and Wijnand Stoefs. Résumé analytique. Carbon Market Watch, 2024. https://carbonmarketwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/FR_Carbon-negative-handbook-November-2024.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Paul |first1=Allanah |last2=Hernández |first2=Marlène Ramón |last3=Aragonès |first3=Mark Preston |last4=Stoefs |first4=Wijnand |title=Résumé analytique |publisher=Carbon Market Watch |date=November 2024 |url=https://carbonmarketwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/FR_Carbon-negative-handbook-November-2024.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{paul2024rsum, author = {Paul, Allanah and Hernández, Marlène Ramón and Aragonès, Mark Preston and Stoefs, Wijnand}, title = {{Résumé analytique}}, institution = {Carbon Market Watch}, year = {2024}, month = nov, url = {https://carbonmarketwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/FR_Carbon-negative-handbook-November-2024.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }