The Global Landscape of Climate Finance 2019

The document details the operational framework for the 2019 Global Landscape of Climate Finance, defining climate finance as resources aimed at reducing emissions, enhancing greenhouse gas sinks, and increasing resilience to climate impacts. It establishes a standardized accounting methodology to avoid double counting and ensure data consistency across public and private sectors. The methodology prioritizes primary capital flows and financial commitments over disbursements, excluding secondary market transactions and investments that risk carbon lock-in. It provides a comprehensive sectoral breakdown for mitigation (e.g., renewable energy, energy efficiency, low-carbon transport) and adaptation (e.g., water management, coastal protection), and defines the geographic classification of countries into OECD and non-OECD regions.

• The Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) defines climate finance as resources intended to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance sinks, and increase the resilience of human and ecological systems to climate change impacts, aligning with the UNFCCC Standing Committee on Finance.
• To prevent double counting, the methodology only tracks new money targeting climate-specific outcomes, specifically excluding private R&D, manufacturing investments for low-GHG technologies, and policy-induced revenue support mechanisms like feed-in tariffs.
• The accounting scope focuses on financial commitments rather than disbursements, as consistent disbursement data is often unavailable across actors, although country-specific Landscapes for Germany, Indonesia, and Cote d’Ivoire do capture disbursement data.
• The methodology excludes investments that risk 'carbon lock-in,' such as financing for efficiency retrofits of coal-fired power plants, and omits risk management instruments like guarantees and insurance from total finance figures because their disbursements are contingent.
• Private climate finance is categorized into several streams, including large-scale renewable energy projects across 108 countries, small-scale solar (under 1MW), electric vehicle retail purchases and charging infrastructure, and non-energy projects in water, waste, and transport.
• Public climate finance is tracked through three primary channels: Development Finance Institutions (DFIs), governments and their agencies (including OECD-DAC reported bilateral finance), and national or multilateral climate funds.

APA

Climate Policy Initiative (2019). The Global Landscape of Climate Finance 2019. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/GLCF-2019-Methodology-Document.pdf

Chicago

Climate Policy Initiative. The Global Landscape of Climate Finance 2019. 2019. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/GLCF-2019-Methodology-Document.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Climate Policy Initiative |title=The Global Landscape of Climate Finance 2019 |date=2019 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/GLCF-2019-Methodology-Document.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{climatepolicyinitiative2019global, author = {{Climate Policy Initiative}}, title = {{The Global Landscape of Climate Finance 2019}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2019}, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/GLCF-2019-Methodology-Document.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }