Gerenciamento de Risco na Agricultura Brasileira: Instrumentos, Políticas Públicas e Perspectivas

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the instruments and public policies used for agricultural risk management in Brazil. It examines the strengths and failures of current systems, including insurance programs and price guarantees, and provides recommendations to improve efficiency and sustainability in the face of climate change.

• The Brazilian rural insurance market is highly concentrated, with only 14 insurers present in 2019. A single company, Brasilseg Companhia de Seguros, held over 52.3% of the market share for agricultural, livestock, and forestry insurance.
• Access to rural insurance is geographically limited; in 2018, nearly 60% of Brazilian municipalities had no rural insurance contracts for agriculture, livestock, or forests according to Susep data.
• The Programa de Subvenção ao Prêmio do Seguro Rural (PSR) is heavily skewed toward crop insurance, which accounted for 99% of the program's subsidies in 2018. Soy is the most frequently covered crop, representing 49% of the insured value between 2006 and 2018.
• The Programa de Garantia da Atividade Agropecuária (Proagro) provides broader geographic and crop coverage than the PSR, reaching 58.5% of municipalities compared to the PSR's 38.2%. However, it is heavily concentrated in the South region, particularly Rio Grande do Sul, which held 43% of Proagro contracts in 2018.
• The Garantia-Safra program targets low-income family farmers in the semi-arid region. In the 2016/17 agricultural year, it paid R$ 444,061,250 to 522,425 producers out of 903,452 participants.
• The Política de Garantia de Preços Mínimos (PGPM) aims to correct price distortions to ensure fair income. Its spending has decreased significantly in recent years, dropping to R$ 47 million in 2018 from a peak of R$ 4.4 billion in 2009.
• The Zoneamento Agrícola de Riscos Climáticos (ZARC) reduces production risks by indicating cultivation periods based on climate, soil, and crop cycles. Embrapa estimates that ZARC generated savings of approximately R$ 16.8 billion for agribusiness in 2018.
• The Brazilian reinsurance market is dominated by IRB Brasil Resseguros S/A, which held a 69% market share in 2019. Only two companies held over 80% of the market.
• Compared to other major agricultural producers, Brazil has a significantly lower percentage of insured cultivated area: only 15% in Brazil, compared to approximately 89% in the United States, 69% in China, and 40% in India.
• The report recommends redirecting public resources from rural credit subsidies—estimated at R$ 10 billion per year—toward insurance policies, specifically expanding the PSR, to reduce inefficiencies and encourage the adoption of new technologies.

APA

Souza, P., & Assunção, J. (2020). Gerenciamento de Risco na Agricultura Brasileira: Instrumentos, Políticas Públicas e Perspectivas. Climate Policy Initiative. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Relatorio-Gerenciamento-de-Risco-na-Agricultura-Brasileira-1.pdf

Chicago

Souza, Priscila, and Juliano Assunção. Gerenciamento de Risco na Agricultura Brasileira: Instrumentos, Políticas Públicas e Perspectivas. Climate Policy Initiative, 2020. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Relatorio-Gerenciamento-de-Risco-na-Agricultura-Brasileira-1.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Souza |first1=Priscila |last2=Assunção |first2=Juliano |title=Gerenciamento de Risco na Agricultura Brasileira: Instrumentos, Políticas Públicas e Perspectivas |publisher=Climate Policy Initiative |date=August 2020 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Relatorio-Gerenciamento-de-Risco-na-Agricultura-Brasileira-1.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{souza2020gerenciamento, author = {Souza, Priscila and Assunção, Juliano}, title = {{Gerenciamento de Risco na Agricultura Brasileira: Instrumentos, Políticas Públicas e Perspectivas}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2020}, month = aug, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Relatorio-Gerenciamento-de-Risco-na-Agricultura-Brasileira-1.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }