MUDANÇAS NA REGULAÇÃO DE TRANSPORTES PODEM AUMENTAR A PRODUTIVIDADE AGRÍCOLA BRASILEIRA

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-Rio argues that regulatory inefficiencies in Brazil's road, rail, and port sectors have hindered infrastructure quality and agricultural productivity. It recommends shifting away from restrictive regulations and implicit subsidies toward a balanced public-private framework that ensures fair returns for investors and improves service quality.

• Since the late 1990s, constant changes in Brazil's infrastructure regulation have created market insecurity and a trend of imposing restrictions that prevent concessionaires from earning long-term profits on their investments. This has led to a decline in investment viability and infrastructure quality, making Brazil lag behind geographically similar countries.
• Inefficient transport infrastructure significantly increases costs and reduces the competitiveness of Brazilian agriculture. For example, transporting one ton of soy from a major producing municipality to an export point in Brazil is nearly three times more expensive than the same distance in the United States. Additionally, poor road infrastructure can force agricultural products to be exported via ports that are up to 18 times more expensive than more efficient alternatives.
• The road sector has suffered from a combination of rigid, complex regulations and subsidies that have reduced the effectiveness of auctions and shifted the focus of concessionaires from service quality to mere regulatory compliance.
• Rail regulation changes in 2011-2012 disintegrated the industry by allowing independent operators access to lines, which harmed the efficiency of the network due to the specialized nature of rail assets. The authors suggest returning to a model of vertical integration with tariff regulation.
• While the deregulation of independent ports has increased capacity investments, the public port sector remains inflexible. The document recommends deregulating public ports to promote competition, reduce excess facilities, and increase public access.

APA

Chiavari, J., & Rezende, L. (2016). MUDANÇAS NA REGULAÇÃO DE TRANSPORTES PODEM AUMENTAR A PRODUTIVIDADE AGRÍCOLA BRASILEIRA. Climate Policy Initiative. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Policy-Brief-–-Mudancas-na-regulacao-de-transportes-podem-aumentar-a-produtividade-agricola.pdf

Chicago

Chiavari, Joana, and Leonardo Rezende. MUDANÇAS NA REGULAÇÃO DE TRANSPORTES PODEM AUMENTAR A PRODUTIVIDADE AGRÍCOLA BRASILEIRA. Climate Policy Initiative, 2016. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Policy-Brief-–-Mudancas-na-regulacao-de-transportes-podem-aumentar-a-produtividade-agricola.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Chiavari |first1=Joana |last2=Rezende |first2=Leonardo |title=MUDANÇAS NA REGULAÇÃO DE TRANSPORTES PODEM AUMENTAR A PRODUTIVIDADE AGRÍCOLA BRASILEIRA |publisher=Climate Policy Initiative |date=July 2016 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Policy-Brief-–-Mudancas-na-regulacao-de-transportes-podem-aumentar-a-produtividade-agricola.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{chiavari2016mudanas, author = {Chiavari, Joana and Rezende, Leonardo}, title = {{MUDANÇAS NA REGULAÇÃO DE TRANSPORTES PODEM AUMENTAR A PRODUTIVIDADE AGRÍCOLA BRASILEIRA}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2016}, month = jul, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Policy-Brief-–-Mudancas-na-regulacao-de-transportes-podem-aumentar-a-produtividade-agricola.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }