Menurunnya Penebangan Hutan di Amazon Brasil: Harga atau Kebijakan?

This executive summary analyzes whether the substantial decline in deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2009 was driven by agricultural price fluctuations or government conservation policies. Using regression techniques and counterfactual simulations, the authors conclude that conservation policies implemented at two key turning points (2004 and 2008) were responsible for approximately half of the avoided deforestation during this period.

• Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon decreased significantly from a peak of 27,000 km2 in 2004 to 7,000 km2 in 2009.
• Conservation policies introduced in 2004 and 2008 are estimated to have prevented approximately 62,000 km2 of deforestation between 2005 and 2009, which represents about half of the forest that would have otherwise been lost.
• The avoided deforestation is estimated to have saved 620 million tons of carbon (2.3 billion tons of CO2), with a calculated value of 11.5 billion US dollars.
• The first policy turning point in 2004 involved the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Deforestation in the Legal Amazon (PPCDAm), which focused on integrated government action, real-time remote sensing monitoring via the DETER system, and the expansion of protected areas.
• The second policy turning point in 2008 introduced targeted interventions for high-deforestation municipalities, revised environmental violation sanctions, and conditional credit requirements for agricultural activities in the Amazon biome.
• Agricultural prices have a causal effect on deforestation, but the impact differs by product: crop prices have a positive and significant impact on deforestation, while livestock prices show a heterogeneous effect because livestock serves as both a consumption and a capital good.

APA

Assunção, J., Gandour, C. C. E., & Rocha, R. (2012). Menurunnya Penebangan Hutan di Amazon Brasil: Harga atau Kebijakan? Climate Policy Initiative. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Penebangan-hutan-di-Amazon-Harga-atau-Kebijakan-Ringkasan-Eksekutif-Bahasa.pdf

Chicago

Assunção, Juliano, Clarissa C. e Gandour, and Rudi Rocha. Menurunnya Penebangan Hutan di Amazon Brasil: Harga atau Kebijakan? Climate Policy Initiative, 2012. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Penebangan-hutan-di-Amazon-Harga-atau-Kebijakan-Ringkasan-Eksekutif-Bahasa.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Assunção |first1=Juliano |last2=Gandour |first2=Clarissa C. e |last3=Rocha |first3=Rudi |title=Menurunnya Penebangan Hutan di Amazon Brasil: Harga atau Kebijakan? |publisher=Climate Policy Initiative |date=January 2012 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Penebangan-hutan-di-Amazon-Harga-atau-Kebijakan-Ringkasan-Eksekutif-Bahasa.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{assuno2012menurunnya, author = {Assunção, Juliano and Gandour, Clarissa C. e and Rocha, Rudi}, title = {{Menurunnya Penebangan Hutan di Amazon Brasil: Harga atau Kebijakan?}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2012}, month = jan, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Penebangan-hutan-di-Amazon-Harga-atau-Kebijakan-Ringkasan-Eksekutif-Bahasa.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }